Vamana Purana — Saptasarasvata Tirtha, Shloka 54

Harihara Revelation and the Tirtha-Glorification of Saptasarasvata in Kurukshetra

Devanagari script

सुप्रभा काञ्चानाक्षी च सुवेणुर्विमलोदका मनोहरा चौघवती विशाला च सरस्वती

Transliteration

suprabhā kāñcānākṣī ca suveṇurvimalodakā manoharā caughavatī viśālā ca sarasvatī

Translation

（其名为：）苏普拉婆（Suprabhā）、金眼（Kāñcānākṣī）、苏韦努（Suveṇu）、净水（Vimalodakā）、悦意（Manoharā）、乔伽伐蒂（Caughavatī）与毗舍罗（Viśālā）——此诸即为诸“萨拉斯瓦蒂”。

Word by Word

• सुप्रभा: Suprabhā (bright one)
• सुप्रभा: Karta (कर्ता/नामनिर्देश)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु-प्रभा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘सु’ + ‘प्रभा’

• काञ्चान-अक्षी: Kāñcānākṣī (golden-eyed)
• काञ्चान-अक्षी: Karta (कर्ता/नामनिर्देश)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काञ्चन + अक्षी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘golden-eyed’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (and)

• सुवेणुः: Suveṇu
• सुवेणुः: Karta (कर्ता/नामनिर्देश)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु-वेणु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (proper name)

• विमल-उदका: Vimalodakā (clear-watered)
• विमल-उदका: Karta (कर्ता/नामनिर्देश)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विमल + उदक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘pure-watered’

• मनोहरा: Manoharā (charming)
• मनोहरा: Karta (कर्ता/नामनिर्देश)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनोहर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; नाम/विशेषणरूपेण

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• ओघवती: Oghavatī (streaming)
• ओघवती: Karta (कर्ता/नामनिर्देश)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओघवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘having a stream/flow’

• विशाला: Viśālā (broad)
• विशाला: Karta (कर्ता/नामनिर्देश)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विशाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; नाम/विशेषणरूपेण

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• सरस्वती: Sarasvatī
• सरस्वती: Karta (कर्ता/नामनिर्देश)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; नदी-नाम

Speakers

• Narrator/teacher voice listing the hydronyms to the listener (implicit).

Primary Deities

• Sarasvatī

Key Themes

• Sacred geography cataloguing
• Multiplicity of a single river-goddess
• Tirtha network within Sarasvata region

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

Are these seven separate rivers or seven branches/forms of the Sarasvatī?

The verse frames them as ‘Sarasvatīs’ in the plural, which in Purāṇic geography typically indicates branches, distributaries, localized streams, or regionally distinguished manifestations of the Sarasvatī system, each with its own sacred identity and tirtha-value.

What is the purpose of listing these names in a Māhātmya?

Hydronymic lists function as pilgrimage metadata: they map the sacred landscape, preserve local toponyms, and authorize multiple bathing/ritual points as equally Sarasvatī-linked, thereby expanding the tirtha-network.

Do the names carry interpretive meaning beyond being labels?

Yes. Many are ‘speaking names’ (e.g., Vimalodakā ‘pure-watered’, Viśālā ‘broad’) that encode perceived qualities of the waters and implicitly justify their purificatory or merit-bestowing power.