Shloka 12

Sagara-vaṃśa-prasavaḥ — The Birth of Sagara’s Sons and the Bhāgīratha Lineage

Devanagari script

ऋतुपर्णसुतस्त्वासीदनुपर्णो महाद्युतिः । तस्य कल्माषपादो वै नाम्ना मित्रसहस्तथा

Transliteration

ṛtuparṇasutastvāsīdanuparṇo mahādyutiḥ | tasya kalmāṣapādo vai nāmnā mitrasahastathā

Translation

梨图帕尔那（Ṛtuparṇa）之子阿努帕尔那（Anuparṇa）光辉灿然而生。其子确为迦尔摩沙钵陀（Kalmāṣapāda），亦名密特罗萨诃（Mitrasaha）。

Word by Word

• ऋतुपर्ण: of R̥tuparṇa
• ऋतुपर्ण: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋतुपर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-सम्बन्धार्थे (genitive sense in compound), एकवचन (समासाङ्ग)

• सुतः: son
• सुतः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तु: indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पक्षान्तर/विरोध (but/indeed)

• आसीत्: was
• आसीत्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• अनुपर्णः: Anuparṇa
• अनुपर्णः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनु + पर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (अनु-पर्ण; proper name)

• महाद्युतिः: of great splendor
• महाद्युतिः: विशेषण (Adjective of अनुपर्णः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा + द्युति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (महती द्युतिः यस्य)

• तस्य: of him/of that (person)
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (pronoun)

• कल्माषपादः: Kalmāṣapāda
• कल्माषपादः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कल्माष + पाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (कल्माषः पादः यस्य/कल्माषपादः; proper name)

• वै: indeed
• वै: सम्बन्ध (Emphatic particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चयार्थ (indeed/certainly)

• नाम्ना: by name
• नाम्ना: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument; 'by name')
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• मित्रसहः: Mitrasaha
• मित्रसहः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject complement; alternate name)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र + सह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (मित्रैः सह/मित्रस्य सहः; proper name)

• तथा: also/likewise
• तथा: सम्बन्ध (Adverb/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/समुच्चय (thus/also)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Characters & Entities

• Rtuparna
• Anuparna
• Kalmasapada
• Mitrasaha

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

The verse preserves a sacred lineage, showing how dharma and karma unfold through generations; in Shaiva understanding, such lineages frame the moral context in which devotion to Pati (Śiva) liberates the bound soul (paśu) from pāśa.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Though this specific shloka is genealogical, it supports the broader Purāṇic aim: situating devotees and rulers within a sacred history where Saguna Śiva (worshipped as the Liṅga) becomes the refuge beyond worldly kingship and its consequences.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

No direct ritual is stated in this verse; the practical takeaway is to anchor one’s life in dharma and remember Śiva through japa of the Pañcākṣarī ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya") as the sure means of purification across lifetimes.