Shiva Purana — Satarudra Samhita, Shloka 11

द्विजेश्वरावतारः

The Manifestation of Shiva as Dvijeśvara

Devanagari script

अथ विद्धौ च तौ तात भद्रायुः स महीपतिः । ददर्श क्रन्दमानौ हि शरण्यः क्षत्रियर्षभः

Transliteration

atha viddhau ca tau tāta bhadrāyuḥ sa mahīpatiḥ | dadarśa krandamānau hi śaraṇyaḥ kṣatriyarṣabhaḥ

Translation

于是，亲爱的啊，婆陀罗优王（Bhadrāyu）——刹帝利中之雄、真能施与庇护者——看见那两人受了伤，正悲声呼号。

Word by Word

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रमसूचक

• विद्धौ: pierced/wounded
• विद्धौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √व्यध्/विध् (धातु) (कृदन्त; कर्मणि भूतकाले क्त)
• Form: कर्मणि भूतकाले क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• तौ: those two
• तौ: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), द्विवचन; सर्वनाम

• तात: O dear (sir)
• तात: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative address)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तात (अव्ययवत् सम्बोधन-शब्द)
• Form: सम्बोधनार्थक निपात/उद्बोधन (vocative interjection: O dear)

• भद्रायुः: Bhadrāyu (name)
• भद्रायुः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भद्रायु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; व्यक्तिनाम

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• महीपतिः: king, lord of the earth
• महीपतिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मही (प्रातिपदिक) + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (महेः पतिः)

• ददर्श: saw
• ददर्श: Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• क्रन्दमानौ: crying, wailing
• क्रन्दमानौ: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √क्रन्द् (धातु) (कृदन्त; वर्तमानकाले शानच्/मान)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले ‘मान’ प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present active participle, ātmanepada-style); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, द्विवचन

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ निपात (particle: indeed/for)

• शरण्यः: protector, refuge-giver
• शरण्यः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शरण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• क्षत्रियर्षभः: bull among kṣatriyas, best warrior
• क्षत्रियर्षभः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रिय (प्रातिपदिक) + ऋषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (क्षत्रियाणाम् ऋषभः = श्रेष्ठः)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Shakti Dimension

Role: nurturing

Characters & Entities

• Bhadrāyu

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It highlights dharma as compassionate protection: a righteous ruler is “śaraṇya,” one who gives refuge—an ethical expression aligned with Shaiva Siddhanta, where right action and protection of the afflicted support inner purity and readiness for Shiva’s grace.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Though the verse is narrative, it reflects Saguna Shiva’s quality as the ultimate refuge (śaraṇa). The king’s refuge-giving role mirrors Shiva as protector of devotees; Linga-worship cultivates the same compassion, steadiness, and responsibility in the worshipper.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is to pair compassion with japa: silently repeat the Panchakshara “Om Namaḥ Śivāya” while offering help to those in distress, treating service as an offering to Shiva, the supreme Refuge.