Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 34

पार्वत्याः तपः-परीक्षा (Śiva Tests Pārvatī’s Austerity)

Devanagari script

सखा मे गिरिराजस्य सुतेयं हिमभूभृतः । ख्याता वै पार्वती नाम्ना सा कालीति च मेनका

Transliteration

sakhā me girirājasya suteyaṃ himabhūbhṛtaḥ | khyātā vai pārvatī nāmnā sā kālīti ca menakā

Translation

“喜马拉雅——群山之王（Girirāja）——是我的朋友；他的女儿正是此人。她以‘帕尔瓦蒂’之名闻名；而她的母亲梅那迦（Menakā）也称她为‘迦梨’（Kālī）。”

Word by Word

• सखा: (he is) a friend
• सखा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मे: my
• मे: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी (genitive/षष्ठी), एकवचन

• गिरिराजस्य: of the king of mountains
• गिरिराजस्य: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिरिराज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (गिरिः एव राजा)

• सुता: daughter
• सुता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• इयम्: this (she)
• इयम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• हिम-भूभृतः: of Himavat/Himālaya
• हिम-भूभृतः: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हिम (प्रातिपदिक) + भूभृत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (हिमस्य भूभृत् = हिमालयः)

• ख्याता: is renowned/known
• ख्याता: Kriya (क्रिया/participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ख्या (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle/क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• पार्वती: Pārvatī
• पार्वती: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्वती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• नाम्ना: by the name
• नाम्ना: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case/तृतीया), एकवचन; करण/साधनभावे ‘by the name’

• सा: she
• सा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• काली: Kālī
• काली: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काली (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/इत्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• मेनका: Menakā
• मेनका: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेनका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; (अपि) नाम-निर्देशः

Speaker

Lord Shiva (speaking in the Pārvatīkhaṇḍa narrative context)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Umāpati

Shakti Dimension

Shakti Form: Kālī

Role: creative

Characters & Entities

• Parvati
• Himālaya (Girirāja)
• Menakā
• Kālī

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It affirms Pārvatī’s divine identity within her human lineage: she is the Himalayan king’s daughter, yet recognized through sacred names (Pārvatī/Kālī) that indicate her Shakti nature—both nurturing consort and transformative power—central to Shaiva Siddhanta devotion.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

By identifying Pārvatī as Shakti (Pārvatī/Kālī), the verse supports Saguna worship: Shiva is approached with form together with His inseparable power. In temple practice, this complements Linga worship through devotion to Shiva-Shakti unity.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is name-japa and dhyāna on Shiva with Shakti—reciting the Panchākṣarī “Om Namaḥ Śivāya” while contemplating Pārvatī/Kālī as the Lord’s power—strengthening bhakti and inner steadiness.