Shiva Purana — Kotirudra Samhita, Shloka 117

Śiva-nāma-sahasraka-kathana

The Recital/Teaching of the Thousand Names of Śiva

Devanagari script

अपराजितः सर्वसहो गोविंदः सत्त्ववाहनः । अधृतः स्वधृतः सिद्धः पूतमूर्तिर्यशोधनः

Transliteration

aparājitaḥ sarvasaho goviṃdaḥ sattvavāhanaḥ | adhṛtaḥ svadhṛtaḥ siddhaḥ pūtamūrtiryaśodhanaḥ

Translation

祂是不败者、能忍一切者；护持诸世间者，承载清净萨埵者。祂无所依而自为依止；常成就者，形相全然净化，并使神圣声名愈加光显。

Word by Word

• अपराजितः: unconquered
• अपराजितः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपराजित (प्रातिपदिक; पराजि धातु-निष्पन्न क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नञ्-पूर्वक-क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (unconquered)

• सर्व-सहः: all-enduring; omnipotently patient
• सर्व-सहः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + सह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (सर्वं सहते)

• गोविन्दः: Govinda
• गोविन्दः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोविन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सत्त्व-वाहनः: whose vehicle is goodness; bearer of sattva
• सत्त्व-वाहनः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक) + वाहन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (सत्त्वं वहति/यस्य वाहनं सत्त्वम्)

• अधृतः: unsupported; unheld
• अधृतः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नञ्-पूर्वक-क्त (not supported; not held)

• स्व-धृतः: self-sustained; self-supported
• स्व-धृतः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व (प्रातिपदिक) + धृत (धृ धातु, क्त-कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (स्वयम् धृतः/स्वेन धृतः)

• सिद्धः: perfected; accomplished
• सिद्धः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सिध् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (accomplished/perfected)

• पूत-मूर्तिः: of pure form
• पूत-मूर्तिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूत (पू धातु, क्त-कृदन्त प्रातिपदिक) + मूर्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (पूता मूर्तिः)

• यशोधनः: bestower/increaser of fame
• यशोधनः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यशोधन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Sadāśiva

Jyotirlinga Context

Sthala Purana: No direct Jyotirliṅga linkage; the verse stresses Śiva’s self-subsistence (svadhṛta) and invincibility (aparājita), typical of universal-theology stuti rather than site-māhātmya.

Significance: Contemplation of Śiva as ‘adhṛta/svadhṛta’ supports vairāgya and śaraṇāgati: the devotee relies on the self-supported Lord rather than contingent supports.

Mantra Metadata

Type: stotra

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

The verse praises Shiva as invincible and self-sustained (svadhṛta), indicating the Shaiva Siddhanta view of Pati (Shiva) as the independent Supreme who grants purity and spiritual attainment to the bound soul (paśu).

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Such epithets are used in stotra-style worship of Saguna Shiva and the Jyotirlinga, where devotees contemplate Shiva’s qualities—purity, perfection, and lordship—while recognizing that the Linga points to the transcendent reality beyond all supports (adhṛta).

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is nāma-japa and nāma-archana: recite these names of Shiva with the Panchakshara mantra (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), offering bilva leaves and applying tripuṇḍra (bhasma) as a reminder of inner purity (pūtamūrti).