Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 21

Nāgeśa-jyotirliṅga-prādurbhāvaḥ — The Manifestation of the Nāgeśa Jyotirliṅga

सूत उवाच । विचार्येति च ते तत्र दारुकाद्याश्च राक्षसाः । उपायं न विजानन्तो दुःखं प्राप्तास्सदा हि वै

sūta uvāca | vicāryeti ca te tatra dārukādyāśca rākṣasāḥ | upāyaṃ na vijānanto duḥkhaṃ prāptāssadā hi vai

苏多说道:他们在彼处思量之后,以达鲁迦为首的罗刹众仍不知任何对策,遂确然陷入恒常的忧苦之中。

सूतःSūta
सूतः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
विचार्यhaving considered
विचार्य:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-चर् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable gerund)
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)
दारुक-आद्याःthose beginning with Dāruka
दारुक-आद्याः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदारुक (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/निर्देशार्थ: ‘दारुकः आदिः येषाम्’ (those whose first is Dāruka)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
राक्षसाःdemons (rākṣasas)
राक्षसाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
उपायम्means, remedy
उपायम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootउपाय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
विजानन्तःnot knowing
विजानन्तः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ज्ञा (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (Present active participle), परस्मैपद; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
दुःखम्sorrow, suffering
दुःखम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
प्राप्ताःhaving attained / having come to
प्राप्ताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय (Past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोगे ‘having obtained/come to’
सदाalways
सदा:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle)
वैcertainly
वै:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic/confirmatory particle)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

D
Daruka

FAQs

It highlights that beings who lack the right “upāya” (true spiritual means) remain trapped in duḥkha; in Shaiva Siddhanta, relief comes through turning toward Pati (Śiva) with devotion and right understanding rather than merely worldly calculation.

The verse sets up the contrast between rākṣasic reliance on strategy and the Shaiva path where refuge in Saguna Śiva—often approached through Linga worship—becomes the effective upāya when other measures fail.

The practical takeaway is to adopt a genuine upāya: japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with Shiva-bhakti; where appropriate, support it with Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and Rudrākṣa as aids to steadiness and remembrance.