Rig Veda 3.3.9: Mandala 3, Sukta 3, Mantra 9
Sukta 3.3
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional attribution for RV 3.1–3.12; hymn-cycle to Agni/Viśvānara)
Devata: Agni (especially as Viśvānara/All-men Fire as leader and establisher of the worlds)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (11-syllable pādas; standard for many Agni hymns in Maṇḍala 3)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
विभावा देवः सुरणः परि क्षितीरग्निर्बभूव शवसा सुमद्रथः । तस्य व्रतानि भूरिपोषिणो वयमुप भूषेम दम आ सुवृक्तिभिः ॥
Transliteration
vibhā́vā deváḥ su-raṇaḥ pári kṣitī́r agnír babhūva śávasā su-mádrathaḥ | tásya vratā́ni bhūri-poṣíṇo vayám úpa bhūṣema dáma ā́ su-vṛ́kti-bhiḥ ||
Translation
光辉遍照的天神阿耆尼（Agni），喜悦高贵者，以威力环抱诸世界；善思与正行之良车。愿我们在居处中亲近并以善制之辞装点他那滋养丰盛增长的誓法（vrata）。
Word by Word
वि॒भावा॑shining, radiant
वि॒भावा॑:
विशेषणम् (कर्तृपदस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-भा (धातु √भा ‘दीप्तौ’) / प्रातिपदिक ‘विभावन्/विभावस्’ (दीप्तिमान्)
दे॒वःthe god (Agni)
दे॒वः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
सु॒रणःheroic, good fighter
सु॒रणः:
विशेषणम् (देवः/अग्निः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-रण (प्रातिपदिक; ‘good/strong in battle, heroic’)
परिaround, all around
परि:
उपपद/क्रियाविशेषणम्
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
क्षि॒तीःthe dwellings/lands (earths, settlements)
क्षि॒तीः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति (प्रातिपदिक)
अ॒ग्निःAgni
अ॒ग्निः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
ब॒भूव॒became, has become
ब॒भूव॒:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√भू (भवति)
शव॑साby might, with strength
शव॑सा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootशवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
सु॒मद्र॑थःhaving a good/joyous chariot
सु॒मद्र॑थः:
विशेषणम् (अग्निः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-मद्-रथ (समास; ‘good/joyous chariot’ → ‘having a good chariot’)
तस्य॑of him, of that (Agni)
तस्य॑:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
व्र॒तानि॑vows, ordinances, sacred laws
व्र॒तानि॑:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
भूरि॒पो॒षिणःrichly nourishing, bringing much prosperity
भूरि॒पो॒षिणः:
विशेषणम् (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootभूरि-पोषिन् (समास; ‘abundant-nourishing’)
व॒यम्we
व॒यम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
उप॑towards, near, in addition
उप॑:
क्रियाविशेषणम्
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
भू॒षे॒म॒may we honor/serve/adorn
भू॒षे॒म॒:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√भूष् (भूषयति/भूषते ‘अलङ्कारे/सेवायाम्’)
दमेin the house, at home
दमे:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootदम (प्रातिपदिक)
आto, unto, fully
आ:
क्रियाविशेषणम्
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सु॒वृ॒क्तिभिःwith well-formed hymns (good praises)
सु॒वृ॒क्तिभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootसु-वृक्ति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘good utterance/hymn’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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