Rig Veda Sukta 41
Mandala 10Sukta 413 Mantras

Sukta 41

Sukta 10.41

Devata

Uṣas (Dawn) (with chariot imagery possibly linked to a divine vehicle; devata explicitly uṣasaḥ in the verse)

这首短歌召唤拂晓时分的神圣行进:光辉的乌莎斯(黎明)乘着其象征性的战车显现,并呼请阿湿毗那双神迅疾前来赴晨间的苏摩榨取。诗中将黎明描绘为祭仪的门槛:灵感之言、井然的祭献与诸神的到来在此汇合,祈愿诸神觉醒,赐力于祭礼及其歌者。

Mantras

Mantra 1

समानमु त्यं पुरुहूतमुक्थ्यं रथं त्रिचक्रं सवना गनिग्मतम् । परिज्मानं विदथ्यं सुवृक्तिभिर्वयं व्युष्टा उषसो हवामहे ॥

那同一乘屡受呼唤、堪受颂歌的车乘——三轮之车,趋向榨取(savana)——已然到来。其周行环绕,适于会集(vidatha),我们以善织之颂(suvṛkti)在破晓之时呼唤乌莎斯诸曙光(Uṣas),使众生苏醒。

Mantra 2

प्रातर्युजं नासत्याधि तिष्ठथः प्रातर्यावाणं मधुवाहनं रथम् । विशो येन गच्छथो यज्वरीर्नरा कीरेश्चिद्यज्ञं होतृमन्तमश्विना ॥

纳萨提亚(Nāsatyā)啊,黎明时你们登上那为晨合而备的轭;黎明时登上那载蜜(madhuvāhana)的车乘。凭此你们行于诸族与热诚献祭者之间,二位勇士啊;即便为歌者,你们也使祭祀充盈呼唤之言(hotṛ)的威力,阿湿毗那啊。

Mantra 3

अध्वर्युं वा मधुपाणिं सुहस्त्यमग्निधं वा धृतदक्षं दमूनसम् । विप्रस्य वा यत्सवनानि गच्छथोऽत आ यातं मधुपेयमश्विना ॥

无论是手捧甘蜜、执事娴熟的阿德瓦律(Adhvaryu),还是具坚固才能、安住正位的阿耆尼陀(Agnīdh)——每当你们前往圣智者的榨汁祭(savana)之处,那时便来此吧,阿湿毗那双神(Aśvin),来饮这甘蜜之饮、祭献的欢悦。

Frequently Asked Questions

It touches both. The first verse explicitly calls the Dawns (Uṣasaḥ), while the next two verses directly invoke the Aśvins to arrive at dawn for the Soma-pressings.

It is a poetic way to say the Aśvins bring sweetness, delight, and quick help at dawn—especially the joy and potency of Soma offered in the morning rite.

They are key Vedic ritual priests. Naming them ties the prayer to the actual sacrificial setting, emphasizing that the gods should come whenever the pressings and offerings are properly underway.

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