Rig Veda 1.116.12: Mandala 1, Sukta 116, Mantra 12
Sukta 1.116
Rishi: Kakṣīvant Dairghatamasa
Devata: Aśvinau (Nāsatyā)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तद्वां नरा सनये दंस उग्रमाविष्कृणोमि तन्यतुर्न वृष्टिम् । दध्यङ्ह यन्मध्वाथर्वणो वामश्वस्य शीर्ष्णा प्र यदीमुवाच ॥
Transliteration
tád vāṃ narā sanáye dáṃsa ugrám āvíṣ kṛṇomi tanyatúr na vṛṣṭím | dadhyáṅ ha yán mádhvātharváṇo vā́m áśvasya śīrṣṇā́ prá yád īm uvā́ca ||
Translation
二位勇士啊，为了赢得胜利，我将你们那威猛的神力之举显明出来，如雷霆使雨水显现。达德扬奇（Dadhyañc）——阿闼婆那（Atharvan）——曾以马首宣说那含蜜的真言于你们；于是你们隐秘的知见化为得胜的启示。
Word by Word
तत्that
तत्:
Karma (object of ‘आविष्कृणोमि’) / (also possible as demonstrative ‘that’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वाम्for you two / you two
वाम्:
Sampradāna/Adhikaraṇa (for you two; addressed to the Aśvins) / or object ‘you two’ contextually
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
नराO two men (Aśvins)
नरा:
(Address) Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
सनयेfor winning, for gaining
सनये:
Sampradāna (for winning/for attainment)
TypeNoun
Rootसनि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘gain, winning’)
दंसःa wondrous deed, marvel
दंसः:
Kartā (subject of ‘आविष्कृणोमि’: ‘the marvel… I make manifest’)
TypeNoun
Rootदंस (प्रातिपदिक; ‘marvel, wondrous deed/skill’)
उग्रम्mighty, fierce
उग्रम्:
Karma (as qualifier of the object ‘that (marvel)’) / predicative qualifier
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
आविष्कृणोमिI make manifest, I reveal
आविष्कृणोमि:
Kriyā (main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करोति) with preverb ‘आविस्/आविः’ (to make manifest)
तन्यतुःthunder
तन्यतुः:
Upamāna/Kartā (in simile with ‘वृष्टिम्’: like thunder [brings] rain)
TypeNoun
Rootतन्यतु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘thunder’)
नlike, as
न:
(links simile)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
वृष्टिम्rain
वृष्टिम्:
Karma (object in the simile: rain)
TypeNoun
Rootवृष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
दध्यङ्Dadhyañc (the seer)
दध्यङ्:
Kartā (subject of ‘उवाच’)
TypeProper Noun
Rootदध्यङ् (ऋषि-नाम; प्रातिपदिक)
यत्what, that which
यत्:
Karma (object of ‘उवाच’: what he said)
TypeRelative Pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मध्वाwith honey; with the sweet (mystic) [drink/knowledge]
मध्वा:
Karaṇa (by/with honey; i.e., with sweet/secret doctrine)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
अथर्वणःof Atharvan
अथर्वणः:
Sambandha (of Atharvan)
TypeProper Noun
Rootअथर्वन् (प्रातिपदिक; Atharvan)
वाम्to you two
वाम्:
Sampradāna (to/for you two) / recipient in speech context
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अश्वस्यof a horse
अश्वस्य:
Sambandha (of the horse)
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
शीर्ष्णाwith (its) head
शीर्ष्णा:
Karaṇa (by/with the head)
TypeNoun
Rootशीर्षन् (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रforth, openly
प्र:
(modifies ‘उवाच’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikaraṇa (time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय; temporal)
ईम्him/it (enclitic)
ईम्:
Karma (enclitic object with ‘उवाच’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootईम् (अव्यय; enclitic pronominal particle)
उवाचhe spoke, he told
उवाच:
Kriyā (verb of speaking)
TypeVerb
Root√वच् (to speak)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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