Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 96, Shloka 29

युद्धाय रावणस्य निर्याणं तथा उत्पातदर्शनम्

Ravana’s Mobilization for War and the ظهور of Fatal Portents

Devanagari script

रावणेनाभ्यनुज्ञातौमहापार्श्वमहोदरौ ।विरूपाक्षश्चदुर्धर्षोरथानारुरुहुस्तदा ।।6.96.29।।

Transliteration

rāvaṇenābhyanujñātau mahāpārśva-mahodarau |

virūpākṣaś ca durdharṣo rathān āruruhus tadā ||6.96.29||

Translation

得罗波那许可，摩诃帕尔湿瓦与摩诃乌达罗，以及难以战胜的毗卢帕叉，也在那时登上各自战车。

Word by Word

• रावणेन: by Ravana
• रावणेन: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• अभ्यनुज्ञातौ: having been permitted
• अभ्यनुज्ञातौ: कर्तृविशेषण (Karta-viśeṣaṇa/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभि+अनु+ज्ञा (धातु) → अभ्यनुज्ञात (कृदन्त, क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual)

• महापार्श्वमहोदरौ: Mahāpārśva and Mahodara
• महापार्श्वमहोदरौ: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महापार्श्व (प्रातिपदिक) + महोदर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (copulative), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual)

• विरूपाक्षः: Virūpākṣa
• विरूपाक्षः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विरूपाक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• दुर्धर्षः: hard to overpower
• दुर्धर्षः: कर्तृविशेषण (Karta-viśeṣaṇa/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुर्धर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• रथान्: chariots
• रथान्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• आरुरुहुः: mounted/ascended
• आरुरुहुः: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ+रुह् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• तदा: then
• तदा: कालाधिकरण (Kāla-adhikaraṇa/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

Context

Biting his teeth, eyes turned red in wrath, Ravana was perplexed. He was difficult to look at even for the Rakshasas.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Mahāpārśva
• Mahodara
• Virūpākṣa
• Chariots

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse illustrates disciplined hierarchy and consent in command; however, Dharma judges not only order but also the cause—obedience serving adharma leads to ruin.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa’s key warriors receive leave and prepare to join him by mounting their chariots.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Martial readiness and loyalty are emphasized—qualities that become ethically meaningful only when aligned with Satya and Dharma.