Shloka 31

निकुम्भिला

यज्ञविघ्नः — Vibhishana’s Counsel and Lakshmana’s March to Nikumbhila

Devanagari script

वानराणांसहस्रैस्तुहनूमान् बहुभिर्वृतः ।विभीषणश्चसामात्योतदालक्ष्मणमन्वगात् ।।6.85.31।।

Transliteration

vānarāṇāṃ sahasrais tu hanūmān bahubhir vṛtaḥ |

vibhīṣaṇaś ca sāmātyo tadā lakṣmaṇam anvagāt ||6.85.31||

Translation

于是哈奴曼被成千上万的婆那罗环绕，毗毗沙那亦与诸大臣同在，一同追随在罗什曼那之后。

Word by Word

• वानराणाम्: of the monkeys (vanaras)
• वानराणाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन

• सहस्रैः: by thousands
• सहस्रैः: सहकारक/करण (Accompaniment/means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; संख्या/परिमाण

• तु: indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अनुवादार्थक-अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)

• हनूमान्: Hanuman
• हनूमान्: कर्ता (Karta; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनूमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• बहुभिः: with many
• बहुभिः: सहकारक/करण (Accompaniment)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying implied वानरैः)

• वृतः: surrounded
• वृतः: कर्ता (Karta; subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृत (कृदन्त; √वृ 'to cover, surround')
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; 'surrounded'

• विभीषणः: Vibhishana
• विभीषणः: कर्ता (Karta; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विभीषण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• सामात्यः: with (his) ministers
• सामात्यः: कर्ता (Karta; subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय/उपपद 'with') + अमात्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (सह-समास): 'अमात्यैः सह' = with ministers

• तदा: then
• तदा: कालाधिकरण (Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (then)

• लक्ष्मणम्: Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणम्: कर्म (Karma; object of following)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• अन्वगात्: followed
• अन्वगात्: क्रिया (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-√गम् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

Then Hanuman surrounded by many thousands of Vanaras, Vibheeshana and ministers followed Lakshmana.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Hanumān
• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Vānaras
• ministers (amātya)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is cooperative righteousness—many join to support a just mission, showing shared responsibility against adharma.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa advances, and key allies—Hanumān with Vānaras and Vibhīṣaṇa with ministers—move behind him as support.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Loyalty and solidarity—companions uphold the righteous leader’s task.