Shloka 2

इन्द्रजित्-हनूमद्-युद्धं तथा निकुम्भिलायां होमः

Indrajit vs Hanuman; Indrajit’s Nikumbhila rite

Devanagari script

तानुवाचततःसर्वान्हनुमान् मारुतात्मजः ।विषण्णवदनान्दीनांस्त्रस्तान्विद्रवतःपृथक् ।।।।

Transliteration

tān uvāca tataḥ sarvān hanumān mārutātmajaḥ | viṣaṇṇavadanān dīnān trastān vidravataḥ pṛthak ||

Translation

于是风神之子哈奴曼对众人说道：他们面容沮丧，困苦惊惧，各自四散奔逃。

Word by Word

• तान्: them
• तान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन (Masculine, Accusative, Plural)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: thereafter)

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन (agreeing with तान्)

• हनुमान्: Hanuman
• हनुमान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• मारुतात्मजः: son of the Wind-god
• मारुतात्मजः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māruta-ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (मारुतस्य आत्मजः); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• विषण्णवदनान्: sad-faced
• विषण्णवदनान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: viṣaṇṇa-vadana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (विषण्णं वदनं येषाम्); पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन (qualifying तान्)

• दीनान्: wretched
• दीनान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dīna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन (qualifying तान्)

• त्रस्तान्: frightened
• त्रस्तान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: trasta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन (qualifying तान्)

• विद्रवतः: of (those) fleeing
• विद्रवतः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-dru (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ); षष्ठी/प्रथमा-द्विवचनादि-रूपभेदेषु, अत्र पुल्लिङ्ग षष्ठी बहुवचन (Genitive Plural) ‘of those running away’

• पृथक्: separately
• पृथक्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: pṛthak (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: separately)

Context

Thereafter, Maruti's son, Hanuman said to all Vanaras who were looking sad, piteous, feeling singly out of fear, and running away.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Māruta (Wind-god)
• Vānaras

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Leaders must steady the fearful and restore resolve; dharma includes protecting morale and preventing panic in a righteous endeavor.

What is the narrative situation?

Some Vānaras are demoralized and begin to flee; Hanumān prepares to address and rally them.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Compassionate leadership—Hanumān responds to fear with guidance rather than contempt.