Shloka 175

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

ततस्तुदेवर्षिमहर्षिपन्नगाःसुराश्चभूतानिसुपर्णगुह्यकाः ।सयक्षगन्धर्वगणानभोगताःप्रहर्षितारामपराक्रमेण ।।।।

Transliteration

tatas tu devarṣi-maharṣi-pannagāḥ surāś ca bhūtāni suparṇa-guhyakāḥ |

sa-yakṣa-gandharva-gaṇā nabho-gatāḥ praharṣitā rāma-parākrameṇa ||

Translation

于是，天界圣仙与大圣者、诸那伽、诸天与一切众生——连同迦楼罗之族、古希耶迦，以及翱翔空中的夜叉与乾闼婆诸众——皆因罗摩的神勇而大为欢喜。

Word by Word

• ततः: thereupon
• ततः: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय)
• Form: देश/कालवाचक-अव्यय (thereupon)

• तु: indeed/then
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (contrast/emphasis)

• देवर्षि-महर्षि-पन्नगाः: divine sages, great sages, and serpents
• देवर्षि-महर्षि-पन्नगाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devarṣi + maharṣi + pannaga (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समासः—देवर्षयः च महर्षयः च पन्नगाः च (द्वन्द्व)

• सुराः: gods
• सुराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-निपात

• भूतानि: beings
• भूतानि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• सुपर्ण-गुह्यकाः: Garudas (eagles) and Guhyakas
• सुपर्ण-गुह्यकाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: suparṇa + guhyaka (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समासः—सुपर्णाः च गुह्यकाः च (द्वन्द्व)

• स-यक्ष-गन्धर्व-गणाः: groups of Yakshas and Gandharvas (along with others)
• स-यक्ष-गन्धर्व-गणाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sa + yakṣa + gandharva + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘स-’ = सहित; समासः—यक्षगन्धर्वगणाः (षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्रायः)

• नभोगताः: moving in the sky
• नभोगताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nabhas + gata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √gam)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त (PPP) ‘gata’ = gone; समासः—नभसि गताः (सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष)

• प्रहर्षिताः: rejoiced
• प्रहर्षिताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra + √hṛṣ (धातु) + praharṣita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त (PPP) = greatly delighted

• राम-पराक्रमेण: by Rama's valor
• राम-पराक्रमेण: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma + parākrama (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; समासः—रामस्य पराक्रमः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष); करण/हेतु (by/through)

Context

Thereafter the celestial sages and other sages, serpents, Devatas and all beings including eagles and Guhyakas (airborne animals), Yakshas and Gandharvas rejoiced very much at Rama's valour.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Devarṣis
• Maharṣis
• Pannagas (Nāgas)
• Devas (Suras)
• Yakṣas
• Gandharvas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as universally recognizable: when righteous power acts to remove destructive tyranny, all orders of beings—divine, semi-divine, and earthly—experience relief and approval.

What is the narrative situation?

After Kumbhakarṇa’s fall, the wider cosmos (sages, gods, and many classes of beings) responds by celebrating Rāma’s heroic deed.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s parākrama (heroic efficacy aligned with righteousness) is highlighted—valor that serves the protection of beings rather than ego or conquest.