Shloka 46

कुम्भकर्णविबोधनम्

The Awakening of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

तेननादेवमहतालङ्कासमभिपूरिता ।।।।सपर्वतवनासर्वासोऽपिनैवप्रबुध्यते ।

Transliteration

tena nādena mahatā laṅkā samabhipūritā |

saparvatavanā sarvā so 'pi naiva prabudhyate ||

Translation

那巨大的喧嚣声充满了整个楞伽城，连同它的山脉和森林，然而即便如此，他还是没有醒来。

Word by Word

• तेन: by that
• तेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; Instrumental singular "by that"

• नादेन: by the noise
• नादेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Instrumental singular

• महता: great
• महता: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; agrees with नादेन; Instrumental singular

• लङ्का: Lanka
• लङ्का: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लङ्का (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन; Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• समभिपूरिता: was completely filled
• समभिपूरिता: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-अभि-पूॄ (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; passive past participle agreeing with लङ्का

• सपर्वतवना: together with its mountains and forests
• सपर्वतवना: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + पर्वत + वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; agrees with लङ्का; "with mountains and forests"

• सर्वा: entire
• सर्वा: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; agrees with लङ्का

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; Nominative singular pronoun

• अपि: even
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात; concessive/emphatic "even"

• नैव: not at all
• नैव: Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न + एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय; emphatic negation "not at all"

• प्रबुध्यते: wakes up / becomes awake
• प्रबुध्यते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-बुध् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; Present, 3rd person singular, Atmanepada

Context

All Lanka and mountains were filled by the great noise made by the Rakshasas. Even then Kumbhakarna did not wake up.

Characters & Entities

• Laṅkā
• Kumbhakarṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It underscores the moral realism of the epic: worldly commotion and pressure cannot always change what is bound by a higher causality (niyati/karma), reminding rulers and warriors to act with wisdom, not only force.

What is the narrative situation?

The commotion of the rākṣasas spreads across Laṅkā, but Kumbhakarṇa remains asleep.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Perseverance is implied—continued attempts despite repeated failure.