Shloka 19

सुपर्णागमनम्

Garuda’s Arrival and the Release from the Serpent-Arrow Bond

Devanagari script

जीवन्नद्यविपन्नोऽस्मिनष्टराज्यमनोरथः ।प्राप्तप्रतिज्ञश्चरिपुःसकामोरावणःकृतः ।।6.50.19।।

Transliteration

jīvann adya vipanno 'smi naṣṭarājyamanorathaḥ |

prāptapratijñaś ca ripuḥ sakāmo rāvaṇaḥ kṛtaḥ || 6.50.19 ||

Translation

今日我虽尚存，却已覆败；称王之愿尽皆破碎。我的仇敌罗波那因这件事成就誓言，遂得所欲。

Word by Word

• जीवन्: living (still alive)
• जीवन्: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जीव् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्यय (Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘living’ (agreeing with अहम् implied)

• अद्य: today/now
• अद्य: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• विपन्नः: ruined, frustrated
• विपन्नः: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-पद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘ruined, distressed’

• अस्मि: I am
• अस्मि: क्रिया (Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन

• नष्टराज्य-मनोरथः: whose ambition for kingdom is lost
• नष्टराज्य-मनोरथः: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + राज्य (प्रातिपदिक) + मनोरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि (yasya rājya-manorathaḥ naṣṭaḥ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘one whose hope of kingdom is lost’

• प्राप्त-प्रतिज्ञः: having fulfilled his vow
• प्राप्त-प्रतिज्ञः: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राप्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + प्रतिज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि (yasya pratijñā prāptā), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘one whose vow is fulfilled’

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• रिपुः: enemy
• रिपुः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रिपु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• स-कामः: with his desire fulfilled
• स-कामः: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थ ‘with’) + काम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उपपद-तत्पुरुष (kāmena saha), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘with desire/satisfied in desire’

• रावणः: Ravana
• रावणः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कृतः: has become / is made
• कृतः: क्रिया (Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense): ‘has been made/has become’

Context

To Vibheeshana who was lamenting in that way, Sugriva, who was endowed with good qualities embraced him and spoke.

Characters & Entities

• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse contrasts dharmic hope with adharmic ‘success’: even if evil seems to win temporarily, dharma requires perseverance and truthful assessment without surrendering to despair.

What is the narrative situation?

Vibhīṣaṇa fears that with Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa down, Rāvaṇa’s objective is accomplished and Vibhīṣaṇa’s own rightful claim to rule is lost.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Satya (truth-speaking) in grief—Vibhīṣaṇa candidly articulates his fear and the apparent turn of events.