Shloka 39

चतुश्चत्वारिंशः सर्गः (Sarga 44): निशायुद्धम्, धूलिरुधिरप्रवाहः, इन्द्रजितो मायायुद्धम्

Devanagari script

प्रकाशरूपस्तुतदानशक्तस्तौबाधितुंराक्षसराजपुत्रः ।मायांप्रयोक्तुंसमुपाजगामबबन्धतौराजसुतौदुरात्मा ।।।।

Transliteration

prakāśarūpas tu tadā na śaktas tau bādhituṃ rākṣasarājaputraḥ |

māyāṃ prayoktuṃ samupājagāma babandha tau rājasutau durātmā ||

Translation

然而那时，罗刹王子在光明正面的交战中不能压倒二人，便转而施用幻术；那心怀恶念者以诡计缚住了两位王子。

Word by Word

• prakāśa-rūpaḥ: of shining form
• prakāśa-rūpaḥ: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prakāśa (प्रातिपदिक) + rūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; कर्मधारय: 'bright (as) form'

• tu: but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle/conjunction (निपात)

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kālādhi karaṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Temporal adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेध-निपात)

• śaktaḥ: able
• śaktaḥ: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śakta (प्रातिपदिक; from śak धातु, क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; past participle (क्त) used adjectivally

• tau: those two
• tau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Dual; pronoun

• bādhitum: to subdue/bind
• bādhitum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bādh (धातु)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्)

• rākṣasa-rāja-putraḥ: the rākṣasa king's son
• rākṣasa-rāja-putraḥ: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक) + rāja (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'son of the rākṣasa-king'

• māyām: illusion/stratagem
• māyām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• prayoktum: to employ/use
• prayoktum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: yuj (धातु) → prayuj (प्र+युज्)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्)

• samupājagāma: approached/undertook
• samupājagāma: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु) + sam-upa-ā
• Form: Laṅ (लङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; parasmaipada

• babandha: bound
• babandha: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bandh (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्, perfect), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; parasmaipada

• tau: those two
• tau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Dual; pronoun

• rāja-sutau: the two princes
• rāja-sutau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक) + suta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Dual; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'sons of the king'

• durātmā: the evil-minded one
• durātmā: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: durātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

Context

Having lost senses in fury they dragged the elephants, those mounted upon them, and the chariots decorated with posts and flags and tore them with their teeth.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Māyā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Truthful, open contest aligns with dharma; when one cannot win fairly and turns to deception, it reveals moral failure—success sought without satya or honorable means.

What is the narrative situation?

Indrajit cannot subdue Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa face-to-face, so he employs māyā and binds them through deceit.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa’s superior martial integrity is implied by contrast; Indrajit’s lack of honor foregrounds the value of righteous strength.