Previous Verse
Next Verse

Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 43, Shloka 20

द्वन्द्वयुद्धप्रवृत्तिः

Dvandva-Yuddha: The Onset of Single Combats

सम्पातिस्तुत्रिभिर्भाणैःप्रजङ्घेनसमाहतः ।निजघानश्वकर्णेनप्रजङ्घंरणमूर्धनि ।।6.43.20।।

sampātis tu tribhir bhāṇaiḥ prajaṅghena samāhataḥ |

nijaghāna aśvakarṇena prajaṅghaṃ raṇamūrdhani ||

三箭所伤的三波提,在战阵最激烈处以一株阿湿伐迦尔那树击倒了般若姜伽。

सम्पातिःSampati
सम्पातिः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसम्पाति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्ता (in 2nd clause)
तुalso/indeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अन्वय-अव्यय (particle: but/also)
त्रिभिःwith three
त्रिभिः:
करण-विशेषण (instrument qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; संख्याविशेषण (numeral adjective)
बाणैःarrows
बाणैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootबाण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; करण
प्रजङ्घेनby Prajangha
प्रजङ्घेन:
कर्ता (Karta/Agent)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजङ्घ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; करण/कर्ता (agent of striking in passive sense)
समाहतःwounded/struck
समाहतः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + आ + हन् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle, क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगार्थ (struck)
निजघानslew/struck down
निजघान:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootनि + हन् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; नि-उपसर्ग
अश्वकर्णेनwith Aśvakarṇa (weapon)
अश्वकर्णेन:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; करण (weapon/means; name of weapon)
प्रजङ्घम्Prajangha
प्रजङ्घम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजङ्घ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्म
रणमूर्धनिin the thick of battle
रणमूर्धनि:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootरण + मूर्धन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (मूर्धन्), सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (रणस्य मूर्धनि = at the height/midst of battle)

While Prajangha injured Sampathi with three arrows, in turn Sampathi killed him with Aswakarna tree in the midst of war.

S
Sampāti
P
Prajaṅgha
A
Arrows (bhāṇa)
A
Aśvakarṇa tree

FAQs

The verse illustrates endurance and response under attack; ethically, it also prompts reflection that in war, actions escalate quickly—Dharma demands restraint where possible and accountability for initiating harm.

In a close battle exchange, Prajaṅgha wounds Sampāti with arrows; Sampāti retaliates immediately using a tree as a weapon and kills him.

Toughness and battlefield resourcefulness—using available means (a tree) to overcome an armed opponent.

Read Valmiki Ramayana in the Vedapath app

Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with audio, word-by-word meanings, and more.

Continue reading in the Vedapath app

Open in App