Shloka 77

युद्धलक्षण-निमित्तदर्शनं तथा लङ्काद्वारव्यूहः

War Omens and the Encirclement of Lanka’s Gates

Devanagari script

तद्रामवचनंसर्वमन्यूनाधिकमुत्तमम् ।सामात्यंश्रावयामासनिवेद्यात्मानमात्मना ।।6.41.77।।

Transliteration

tad rāma-vacanaṁ sarvam anyūnādhikam uttamam | sāmātyaṁ śrāvayāmāsa nivedyātmānam ātmanā ||6.41.77||

Translation

他先自报身份，继而将罗摩一切至善之言，原原本本地转告罗波那及其群臣，不增不减。

Word by Word

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; रामवचनम् इत्यस्य निर्देश

• rāma-vacanam: Rama's message
• rāma-vacanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक) + vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: रामस्य वचनम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• sarvam: entire
• sarvam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• anyūnādhikam: without adding or omitting
• anyūnādhikam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: an-yūna (प्रातिपदिक) + adhika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (यूनं च अधिकं च; न = without): अन्यूनाधिकम् = without omission or addition; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• uttamam: excellent
• uttamam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• sa-āmātyam: together with (his) ministers
• sa-āmātyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (सह/स- उपसर्गवत्) + āmātya (अमात्य प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास: स-आमात्यं = अमात्यैः सह; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; श्रावयामास इत्यस्य कर्म

• śrāvayāmāsa: made (them) hear / reported
• śrāvayāmāsa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (श्रु धातु)
• Form: णिच्-प्रत्यय (Causative) + लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• nivedya: having announced
• nivedya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni-vid (नि-विद् धातु)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (Gerund), अर्थः—निवेद्य (having announced)

• ātmānam: himself
• ātmānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātman (आत्मन् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; आत्म-शब्दः (reflexive)

• ātmanā: by himself
• ātmanā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātman (आत्मन् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; स्वयम् (by himself)

Context

"I made known the words of Rama completely without adding or deleting. You may listen."

Characters & Entities

• Angada
• Rama
• Ravana
• ministers of Ravana

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya in communication: a messenger’s dharma is fidelity to the message—no distortion, no embellishment.

What is the narrative situation?

Angada formally introduces himself and conveys Rama’s message verbatim before Ravana’s court.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Integrity and accuracy—truthful transmission of another’s words.