Shloka 45

युद्धलक्षण-निमित्तदर्शनं तथा लङ्काद्वारव्यूहः

War Omens and the Encirclement of Lanka’s Gates

Devanagari script

तेतुवानरशार्धूलाःशार्दूलाइवदंष्ट्रिणः ।।6.41.45।।गृहीत्वाद्रुमशैलाग्रान्हृष्टायुद्धायतस्थिरे ।

Transliteration

te tu vānaraśārdūlāḥ śārdūlā iva daṃṣṭriṇaḥ | gṛhītvā drumaśailāgrān hṛṣṭā yuddhāya tasthire ||6.41.45||

Translation

那些婆那罗中的猛将，犹如虎王，獠牙森然如虎；他们欢腾而立，备战待发，手握拔起的巨树与山巅岩崖。

Word by Word

• ते: they
• ते: कर्ता (Karta/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• तु: indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• वानरशार्धूलाः: tigers among monkeys
• वानरशार्धूलाः: कर्ता (Karta/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर + शार्दूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• शार्दूलाः: tigers
• शार्दूलाः: उपमान (Upamāna/Comparator)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शार्दूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); उपमान (standard of comparison)

• इव: like
• इव: उपमा-सम्बन्ध (Comparison marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-वाचक अव्यय (comparative particle)

• दंष्ट्रिणः: with fangs
• दंष्ट्रिणः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Agent-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दंष्ट्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (adjective) ते/वानरशार्धूलाः प्रति

• गृहीत्वा: having seized
• गृहीत्वा: पूर्वकाल (Pūrvakāla/preceding action)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ग्रह् (धातु) → गृहीत्वा (क्त्वान्त)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive)

• द्रुमशैलाग्रान्: trees and mountain-peaks
• द्रुमशैलाग्रान्: कर्म (Karma/Object of 'having seized')
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रुम + शैल + अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural); द्रुमाः च शैलाग्राः च (trees and mountain-peaks)

• हृष्टाः: delighted
• हृष्टाः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Agent-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हृष् (धातु) → हृष्ट (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• युद्धाय: for battle
• युद्धाय: सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन (Sampradāna/Purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (4th/Dative), एकवचन (Singular); प्रयोजन (purpose)

• तस्थिरे: stood ready
• तस्थिरे: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), आत्मनेपद

Context

Vanaras who resembled tigers, endowed with sharp teeth joyfully stood there holding trees and peaks of mountain waiting to combat.

Characters & Entities

• Vānara warriors

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is steadfast readiness to protect the righteous cause—warriors preparing themselves wholeheartedly to oppose adharma when peaceful means have failed.

What is the narrative situation?

The Vānara forces mass near Laṅkā, taking up improvised weapons (trees and rocks) and forming up with enthusiasm for the impending combat.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vīrya (valor) and utsāha (martial zeal): the Vānara warriors’ fearless, disciplined readiness.