Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 4, Shloka 33

समुद्रतट-प्रयाणम् तथा वेलावन-निवेशः

March to the Seacoast and Encampment at the Shore

Devanagari script

कोटीशतपरीवारः केसरी पनसो गजः ।अर्कश्चातिबल: पार्श्वमेकं तस्याभिरक्षति ।।।।

Transliteration

koṭīśataparīvāraḥ kesarī panaso gajaḥ |

arkaś cātibalaḥ pārśvam ekaṃ tasyābhirakṣati ||

Translation

又有百俱胝随从的计舍利、般那娑、伽阇，以及阿尔迦与阿提婆罗，共同守护那军势的一侧翼。

Word by Word

• कोटीशतपरीवारः: having a retinue of a hundred crores
• कोटीशतपरीवारः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: koṭi + śata + parivāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (संख्यापूर्वक-निर्धारण): ‘कोटीशतं परीवारः यस्य’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (केसरी/गजः)

• केसरी: Kesari
• केसरी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kesarin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (नाम)

• पनसः: Panasa
• पनसः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: panasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (नाम)

• गजः: Gaja
• गजः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (नाम)

• अर्कः: Arka
• अर्कः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: arka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (नाम)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अतिबलः: very strong
• अतिबलः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ati + bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय: ‘अतिशयेन बलवान्’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (अर्कः)

• पार्श्वम्: side/flank
• पार्श्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pārśva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• एकम्: one
• एकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: eka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (पार्श्वम्)

• तस्य: of him/of that (army)
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• अभिरक्षति: protects
• अभिरक्षति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√रक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

Context

Kesari, Panasa, Gaja, Atibala, Arka and their army of one hundred crores were protecting the army on one side.

Characters & Entities

• Keśarī
• Panasa
• Gaja
• Arka
• Atibala
• Vanara host

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is cooperative duty: protection of the vulnerable points (flanks) is shared among capable leaders for the success of the righteous mission.

What is the narrative situation?

The army’s flank-guards are named, showing how the host is secured on the sides during advance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Collective responsibility and strategic coordination.