Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 4, Shloka 124

समुद्रतट-प्रयाणम् तथा वेलावन-निवेशः

March to the Seacoast and Encampment at the Shore

Devanagari script

ततो विस्मयमापन्ना हरयो ददृशुर्हरयस्तदा ।भ्रान्तोर्मिजालसन्नादं प्रलोलमिव सागरम् ।।।।

Transliteration

tato vismayamāpannā harayo dadṛśur harayas tadā |

bhrāntormijālasannādaṃ pralolam iva sāgaram ||

Translation

随后，群猴惊叹不已，望见大海：交织翻卷的浪网轰然作响，躁动不安、剧烈震荡，仿佛陷于苦恼。

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then/thereupon
• tataḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Deśa/kāla-avyaya (then/thereupon)

• vismayam: astonishment
• vismayam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vismaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• āpannāḥ: having reached, fallen into
• āpannāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ā-√pad (धातु) + kta → āpanna (कृदन्त)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; kta (PPP)

• harayaḥ: the monkeys (Vānaras)
• harayaḥ: Kartā (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

• dadṛśuḥ: saw
• dadṛśuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (Perfect), Prathama-puruṣa, Bahuvacana; parasmaipada

• harayaḥ: the monkeys
• harayaḥ: Kartā (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; repetition for emphasis

• tadā: at that time
• tadā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Kāla-avyaya (at that time)

• bhrānta-ūrmi-jāla-sannādam: the roar of the net/mass of rolling waves
• bhrānta-ūrmi-jāla-sannādam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण as epithet)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrānta (कृदन्त/क्त from √bhram) + ūrmi (प्रातिपदिक) + jāla (प्रातिपदिक) + sannāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa (bhrāntānām ūrmīṇāṃ jālasya sannādaḥ)

• pralolam: highly agitated
• pralolam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pralola (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• iva: as if
• iva: Sambandha (Comparative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Upamā-avyaya

• sāgaram: the ocean
• sāgaram: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sāgara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

Context

"Let Gandhamadana, the unassailable and powerful vanara resembling the elephant in rut take charge of the left portion of the army".

Characters & Entities

• Vanaras
• Sāgara (ocean)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes truthful recognition of reality: the host acknowledges the ocean’s formidable power, a necessary step before acting wisely and righteously.

What is the narrative situation?

Upon reaching the shore, the vanaras are amazed by the ocean’s roaring, churning turbulence.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Humility before the vast—wonder that does not paralyze, but prepares the mind for disciplined action.