Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 4, Shloka 114

समुद्रतट-प्रयाणम् तथा वेलावन-निवेशः

March to the Seacoast and Encampment at the Shore

Devanagari script

चन्द्रोदये समुद्भूतं प्रतिचन्द्रसमाकुलम् ।चण्डानिलमहाग्राहैः कीर्णं तिमितिमिङ्गिलैः ।।।।

Transliteration

candrodaye samudbhūtaṃ praticandrasamākulam |

caṇḍānilamahāgrāhaiḥ kīrṇaṃ timitimiṅgilaiḥ ||

Translation

月出之时，大海翻涌，万千月影交辉；又被狂风驱赶的巨海兽所布满，并有提弥提弥因伽罗等怪物出没其间。

Word by Word

• candrodaye: at moonrise
• candrodaye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: candra (प्रातिपदिक) + udaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: 'candrasya udaye' = 'at moonrise'

• samudbhūtam: arisen/swollen up
• samudbhūtam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-ud-√bhū (धातु)
• Form: Neuter, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; P.P.P. (क्त) qualifying (implicit) samudram/varuṇāvāsam

• prati-candra-samākulam: filled with reflected moons
• prati-candra-samākulam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prati (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + candra (प्रातिपदिक) + sam-ā-√kul (धातु/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: 'praticandraiḥ samākulam' = 'crowded with moon-reflections'

• caṇḍa-anila-mahā-grāhaiḥ: with huge fierce sea-monsters
• caṇḍa-anila-mahā-grāhaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक) + anila (प्रातिपदिक) + mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + grāha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; karmadhāraya chain: 'fierce-wind-like great sea-monsters/crocodiles' (instrumental of accompaniment)

• kīrṇam: strewn/filled
• kīrṇam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √kṝ (धातु)
• Form: Neuter, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; P.P.P. (क्त) 'strewn/fillled' qualifying ocean (implicit)

• timi-timiṅgilaiḥ: with timis and timingilas
• timi-timiṅgilaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: timi (प्रातिपदिक) + timiṅgila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; dvandva: 'timiś ca timiṅgilaś ca' (fishes and timingilas)

Context

At the time of the moon rise, the lofty ocean inhabited by dark swift crocodiles, huge Timingala fish scattered in it was rising up with several images of moon reflected in its water.

Characters & Entities

• Moon (Candra)
• Ocean

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma-oriented action requires clarity amid dazzling appearances: the ocean is beautiful with moonlight yet dangerous underneath—teaching discernment beyond surface charm.

What is the narrative situation?

The scene shifts to moonrise; the army witnesses the ocean’s swelling, reflections, winds, and formidable creatures.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Discernment and vigilance—recognizing both beauty and peril in the same circumstance.