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Shloka 19

युद्धकाण्डे द्वादशः सर्गः — रावणस्य परिषद्-सम्बोधनं कुम्भकर्णस्य नीत्युपदेशश्च

Ravana’s Council Address and Kumbhakarna’s Counsel

सातुसंवत्सरंकालंमामयाचतभामिनी ।।6.12.18।।प्रतीक्षमाणाभर्तारंराममायतलोचना ।तन्मयाचारुनेत्रायःप्रतिज्ञातंवचश्शुभम् ।।6.12.19।।श्रान्तोऽहंसततंकामाद्यातोहयइवाध्वनि ।

sā tu saṃvatsaraṃ kālaṃ mām ayācata bhāminī |

pratīkṣamāṇā bhartāraṃ rāmam āyatalocanā ||6.12.18||

tan mayā cārunetrāyāḥ pratijñātaṃ vacaḥ śubham ||6.12.19||

śrānto 'haṃ satataṃ kāmād yāto haya ivādhvani |

那位眼眸修长的女子,等待其夫罗摩,向我请求一年的期限;我也对那美目之人许下吉祥的诺言。然而我被欲望驱使,时时疲惫不堪,犹如行路之马困顿欲绝。

कथम्how
कथम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/interrogative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नवाचक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
सागरम्ocean
सागरम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootसागर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अक्षोभ्यम्unshakable; unassailable
अक्षोभ्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ + क्षोभ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (सागरम्)
तरिष्यन्तिwill cross
तरिष्यन्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√तॄ (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
वनौकसःforest-dwellers (Vanaras)
वनौकसः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवन + ओकस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास ‘वने ओकः (निवासः) येषाम्’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
बहुसत्त्वसमाकीर्णम्filled with many creatures
बहुसत्त्वसमाकीर्णम्:
Karma (कर्म/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु + सत्त्व + सम् + आ + √कॄ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास ‘बहु-सत्त्वैः समाकीर्ण’; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त PPP; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (सागरम्)
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject, alternative)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; सर्वनाम
वाor; even
वा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive particle: or/even)
दशरथात्मजौthe two sons of Dasharatha
दशरथात्मजौ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject, apposition to तौ)
TypeNoun
Rootदशरथ + आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास ‘दशरथस्य आत्मजौ’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन

"Broadeyed Sita requested me one year time expecting her husband Rama to come (this is a false statement made by Ravana here) and I promised in turn to Sita of beautiful eyes. Just like an exhausted horse that marched I am tired on account of my passion."

S
Sītā
R
Rāma

FAQs

It foregrounds satya and the sanctity of promises (pratijñā), while also showing how adharma manipulates truth; dharma requires truthful speech and honoring rightful relationships.

Rāvaṇa claims Sītā requested a year to wait for Rāma and that he promised accordingly, while confessing his exhaustion from desire—revealing inner conflict and potential deceit.

The ideal virtue is satya (truthfulness) and integrity in promises; the passage, however, is framed through a speaker whose desire tends toward distortion of truth.