Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 112, Shloka 4

रावणवधोत्तरं विभीषणशोकः—क्षत्रधर्मोपदेशः

Vibhishana’s Lament after Ravana’s Fall; Instruction on Kshatriya-Dharma

Devanagari script

दंवीरसम्प्राप्तंयन्मयापूर्वमीरितम् ।काममोहपरीतस्ययत्तन्नरुचितंतव ।।।।

Transliteration

daṃvīra samprāptaṃ yan mayā pūrvam īritam | kāmamohaparītasya yat tan na rucitaṃ tava ||

Translation

勇士啊，我先前所言如今已然应验；只是当你被欲望与迷妄所覆时，你并不乐意听闻。

Word by Word

• daṃvīra-samprāptam: (it has) come true, O hero
• daṃvīra-samprāptam: Karma (कर्म) / predicate content
• Type: Noun
• Root: daṃvīra + samprāpta (sam-√prāp + क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (कर्मधारय-भाव): ‘दंवीरः (असि), तत् सम्प्राप्तम्’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्तान्त (predicate)

• yat: which/that
• yat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yat (यद्-प्रातिपदिक, सर्वनाम)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karta (कर्ता) (of īritam)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (अस्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; तृतीया, एकवचन

• pūrvam: earlier, previously
• pūrvam: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: pūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• īritam: declared, foretold
• īritam: Karma (कर्म) (what was said)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √īr (धातु) > īrita (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्तान्त; ‘said/declared’ (passive participle)

• kāma-moha-parītasya: of you, overcome by desire and delusion
• kāma-moha-parītasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāma + moha + parīta (pari-√i + क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास: ‘काममोहाभ्यां परीतः’; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन; विशेषण (of tava/you)

• yat: which
• yat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yat (यद्-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; relative pronoun

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म) / predicate content
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद्-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; correlative pronoun

• na: not
• na: Nishedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• rucitam: pleasing, acceptable
• rucitam: Karma (कर्म) / predicate
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ruc (धातु) > rucita (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्तान्त; ‘pleasing/approved’ (predicate)

• tava: to you/your
• tava: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: मध्यमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; षष्ठी, एकवचन

Context

"Hero! That which was predicted by me earlier, which did not find your favour due to your infatuation, has come true."

Characters & Entities

• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It highlights satya (truthfulness) and the duty to heed righteous counsel: ignoring dharmic warning due to kāma and moha leads to inevitable consequences.

What is the narrative situation?

After Rāvaṇa’s defeat, the speaker recalls that earlier warnings were rejected, and now the foretold outcome has occurred.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truth-speaking moral courage—persisting in righteous advice even when it is unwelcome.