Shloka 23

रावणक्रोधः—रामस्य परुषवाक्यम्

Ravana’s Fury and Rama’s Harsh Admonition

Devanagari script

इत्येवं स वदन्वीरोरामश्शत्रुनिबर्हणः ।राक्षसेन्द्रंसमीपस्थंशरवर्षैरवाकिरत् ।।।।

Transliteration

ity evaṃ sa vadan vīro rāmaḥ śatrunibarhaṇaḥ |

rākṣasendraṃ samīpasthaṃ śaravarṣair avākirat ||

Translation

英雄罗摩——敌人的毁灭者——这样说着，向站在附近的罗刹王倾泻了箭雨。

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Vākyopasaṃhāra (वाक्योपसंहार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• evam: in this way
• evam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (manner adverb)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• vadan: speaking
• vadan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √vad (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘speaking’

• vīraḥ: the hero
• vīraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• śatrunibarhaṇaḥ: destroyer of enemies
• śatrunibarhaṇaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śatru + nibarhaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-भाव), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘enemy-destroyer’

• rākṣasendram: the lord of Rakshasas
• rākṣasendram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• samīpastham: standing nearby
• samīpastham: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: samīpa + stha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (सप्तमी/अव्ययीभाव-भाव), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘standing near’

• śaravarṣaiḥ: with showers of arrows
• śaravarṣaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara + varṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; करण (instrument)

• avākirat: covered/sprinkled
• avākirat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ava√kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, तृतीयपुरुष, एकवचन

Context

Speaking in this way to Ravana who was nearby, Rama the exterminator of enemies rained showers of arrows and covered.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Rāvaṇa (rākṣasendra)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is enacted, not only spoken: after declaring moral judgment, Rāma proceeds to decisive action to protect the righteous and end oppression.

What is the narrative situation?

Immediately after his fierce words, Rāma intensifies the fight by raining arrows on Rāvaṇa at close range.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Courage joined with effectiveness—Rāma’s capacity to translate righteous intent into disciplined martial action.