Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 102, Shloka 48

लक्ष्मण-प्राणरक्षा:

Lakshmana’s Revival by the Herb-Mountain

Devanagari script

अहंतुवधमिच्छामिशीघ्रमस्यदुरात्मनः ।।।।यावदस्तं न यात्येषकृतकर्मादिवाकरः ।

Transliteration

ahaṃ tu vadham icchāmi śīghram asya durātmanaḥ |

yāvad astaṃ na yāty eṣa kṛtakarmā divākaraḥ ||

Translation

我愿迅速见到这心恶之人的死亡——趁那完成行程的太阳尚未西沉。

Word by Word

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (contrast/emphasis)

• vadham: killing
• vadham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vadha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• icchāmi: I desire
• icchāmi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: iṣ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन

• śīghram: quickly
• śīghram: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śīghra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण (adverbial accusative)

• asya: of this (man)
• asya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• durātmanaḥ: of the evil-minded one
• durātmanaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: durātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि: दुष्टः आत्मा यस्य (evil-souled)

• yāvat: until/before
• yāvat: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yāvat (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधिवाचक अव्यय (until/before)

• astam: setting (west)
• astam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'अस्तं याति' (idiom: sets)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय

• yāti: goes
• yāti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: yā (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• eṣaḥ: this (one)
• eṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• kṛtakarmā: having completed (his) work
• kṛtakarmā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta + karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि: कृतं कर्म यस्य (having done his task)

• divākaraḥ: the sun
• divākaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: divākara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: दिवा करोति/करः (sun)

Context

Seeing the brother struck in vital parts and wounded by the evil-minded Ravana, Rama was filled with grief and breathing heavily.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Rāvaṇa
• Divākara (Sun)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma sometimes demands timely action: delaying justice can prolong suffering; hence urgency is framed as part of righteous duty.

What is the narrative situation?

An ally calls for swift completion of the decisive act—Rāvaṇa’s fall—within the day’s remaining time.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Determination and strategic decisiveness in the service of dharma.