Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 102, Shloka 39

लक्ष्मण-प्राणरक्षा:

Lakshmana’s Revival by the Herb-Mountain

Devanagari script

तमुत्थितंतुहरयोभूतलात्प्रेक्ष्यलक्ष्मणम् ।।।।साधुसावधितिसुप्रीतालक्ष्मणंप्रत्यपूजयन् ।

Transliteration

tam utthitaṃ tu harayo bhūtalāt prekṣya lakṣmaṇam | sādhū sādhv iti suprītā lakṣmaṇaṃ pratyapūjayan ||

Translation

众猴军见罗什曼那自地上起身，欢喜踊跃，齐声称赞：“善哉！善哉！”并以恭敬之礼回敬供奉于他。

Word by Word

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; refers to lakṣmaṇam

• utthitam: risen
• utthitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ut-√sthā (धातु)
• Form: Past active participle (क्त), Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifying tam/lakṣmaṇam; ‘risen’

• tu: then/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• harayaḥ: the vanaras
• harayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• bhūtalāt: from the ground
• bhūtalāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhū-tala (प्रातिपदिक; भू + तल)
• Form: Neuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; ‘from the ground-surface’

• prekṣya: having seen
• prekṣya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√īkṣ (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), from pra-√īkṣ; ‘having looked at/seen’

• lakṣmaṇam: Lakshmana
• lakṣmaṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• sādhu: well done
• sādhu: Vākyālaṅkāra/Exclamation (उद्गार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sādhu (अव्यय/साधु-शब्दः)
• Form: Exclamatory indeclinable (उद्गार-निपात) ‘well done!’

• sādhu: well done
• sādhu: Vākyālaṅkāra/Exclamation (उद्गार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sādhu (अव्यय/साधु-शब्दः)
• Form: Repetition for emphasis (पुनरुक्ति)

• iti: thus
• iti: Vākyārtha-sūcaka (वाक्यार्थसूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotative particle (इति-निपात) marking reported speech

• suprītāḥ: very pleased
• suprītāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su-prīta (प्रातिपदिक; सु + प्रीत)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; qualifying harayaḥ; ‘very pleased’

• lakṣmaṇam: Lakshmana
• lakṣmaṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• pratyapūjayan: honoured (him) in return
• pratyapūjayan: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati-√pūj (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural; from prati-√pūj ‘honoured/worshipped in return’

Context

Seeing Lakshmana rise up from the surface of the ground, the Vanaras said Well done and offered prayers very affectionately.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Vānaras (Harayas)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes honoring virtue and supporting allies; communal respect strengthens righteous resolve in times of war.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa’s recovery becomes visible to the Vānaras, who celebrate and honor him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The Vānara community’s loyalty and gratitude toward righteous warriors.