Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 9, Shloka 35

पुष्पकविमानवर्णनम्

Description of the Pushpaka Vimana and Ravana’s Inner Palace

Devanagari script

परिवृत्तेऽर्धरात्रे तु पाननिद्रावशं गतम्।क्रीडित्वोपरतं रात्रौ सुष्वाप बलवत्तदा।।5.9.35।।

Transliteration

parivṛtte ’rdharātre tu pānanidrāvaśaṁ gatam |

krīḍitvoparataṁ rātrau suṣvāpa balavat tadā ||5.9.35||

Translation

过了半夜，他们因欢宴而疲惫，被酒意与睡意所胜，便沉沉躺下，陷入深重的酣眠。

Word by Word

• परिवृत्ते: when (it) had passed/turned
• परिवृत्ते: सप्तमी-सम्बन्ध/कालाधिकरण (Locative absolute)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि + वृत् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle) 'परिवृत्त'; नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन; absolute-locative with अर्धरात्रे

• अर्धरात्रे: at midnight
• अर्धरात्रे: कालाधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्ध + रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (रात्रेः अर्धम्)

• तु: then/indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध/निपात
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात

• पान-निद्रा-वशम्: under the sway of drink and sleep
• पान-निद्रा-वशम्: गत्यर्थक-क्रियायाः कर्म (Object of 'gatam')
• Type: Noun
• Root: पान (प्रातिपदिक) + निद्रा (प्रातिपदिक) + वश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (पानस्य निद्रायाश्च वशः)

• गतम्: gone/subjected
• गतम्: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle) 'गत'; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifying implied object (Ravana)

• क्रीडित्वा: having sported
• क्रीडित्वा: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्रीड् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund); 'having played/sported'

• उपरतम्: wearied/ceased
• उपरतम्: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप + रम् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle) 'उपरत'; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'ceased/wearied'

• रात्रौ: at night
• रात्रौ: कालाधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• सुष्वाप: slept
• सुष्वाप: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्वप् (धातु) with सु-
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• बलवत्: soundly/forcibly
• बलवत्: क्रियाविशेषण (Manner)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बलवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; adverbial accusative 'forcibly/strongly'

• तदा: then
• तदा: कालाधिकरण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय

Context

Drinking and sporting until midnight, they had dropped off to sleep-tired.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse implicitly contrasts heedlessness with dharmic alertness: indulgence in drink and pleasure leads to loss of awareness, while the righteous agent (Hanumān) stays vigilant.

What is the narrative situation?

The palace inhabitants, after drinking and amusement, fall asleep, creating the quiet conditions in which Hanumān can continue searching.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s wakeful vigilance is highlighted by contrast with others’ intoxicated sleep.