Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 62, Shloka 15

मधुवनभङ्गः

The Disruption of Madhuvana and Dadhimukha’s Complaint

Devanagari script

येऽप्यत्र मधुपाला स्स्युः प्रेष्या दधिमुखस्य तु।तेऽपि तैर्वानरैर्भीमैः प्रतिषिद्धा दिशो गताः।।5.62.15।।

Transliteration

ye 'py atra madhupālāḥ syuḥ preṣyā dadhimukhasya tu | te 'pi tair vānarair bhīmaiḥ pratiṣiddhā diśo gatāḥ ||5.62.15||

Translation

就连驻守其间的护蜜者——达提穆卡的仆从——也被那些可怖的猿众驱散，四下奔逃。

Word by Word

• ये: who
• ये: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; relative pronoun ‘who’

• अपि: also/even
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अप्यर्थक-निपात (also/even)

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)

• मधुपालाः: honey-grove guards
• मधुपालाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु + पाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः: मधोः पालाः = guards of honey-grove

• स्युः: might be/should be
• स्युः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• प्रेष्याः: servants/attendants
• प्रेष्याः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रेष्य (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘servants/agents’

• दधिमुखस्य: of Dadhimukha
• दधिमुखस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दधिमुख (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विशेषार्थक-निपात

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; ‘also’

• तैः: by them
• तैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• वानरैः: by the vanaras
• वानरैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• भीमैः: fierce/terrible
• भीमैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying वानरैः)

• प्रतिषिद्धाः: repelled/forbidden
• प्रतिषिद्धाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रति + सिध् (धातु) → प्रतिषिद्ध (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘forbidden/driven back’

• दिशः: directions
• दिशः: Gati/Karma (गति/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन (also acceptable as प्रथमा बहुवचन in some readings); here as goal-direction with गम्

• गताः: went
• गताः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) → गत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle used predicatively), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘having gone’

Context

All the guards engaged in protecting the garden were driven away in all directions by the fierce vanaras.

Characters & Entities

• Dadhimukha
• Madhuvana
• Vānaras

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Strength should protect rightful order, not intimidate the innocent; Dharma condemns bullying and the misuse of power against those performing legitimate duty.

What is the narrative situation?

The appointed guards of Madhuvana, belonging to Dadhimukha’s establishment, attempt to protect the grove but are overpowered and scattered.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The guards’ sense of duty is implied—standing watch over entrusted property—even though they are forced to retreat.