Shloka 34

Devanagari script

नियतस्समुदाचारो भक्तिर्भर्तरि चोत्तमा।यन्न हन्ति दशग्रीवं सा महात्मा कृतागसम्।।।।

Transliteration

niyatas samudācāro bhaktir bhartari cottamā | yan na hanti daśagrīvaṃ sā mahātmā kṛtāgasam ||

Translation

因为她行止自律、德行端严，又以至上的忠贞奉事夫君，那位大心之女并不诛杀十首王达沙格利瓦，纵然他已对她犯下罪过。

Word by Word

• niyataḥ: regulated, restrained
• niyataḥ: Karta-anuguṇa (कर्ता-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niyata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (nominative, 1st), Eka-vacana (singular); viśeṣaṇa of samudācāraḥ

• samudācāraḥ: good conduct, proper behavior
• samudācāraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samudācāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Eka-vacana; kartṛ-pada in nominal clause

• bhaktiḥ: devotion
• bhaktiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhakti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (feminine), Prathamā (1st), Eka-vacana; second subject coordinated with samudācāraḥ

• bhartari: towards/in (her) husband
• bhartari: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī vibhakti (locative, 7th), Eka-vacana; viṣaya/ādhāra of bhakti

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-avyaya (conjunction)

• uttamā: excellent, supreme
• uttamā: Karta-anuguṇa (कर्ता-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Eka-vacana; viśeṣaṇa of bhaktiḥ

• yat: that (fact)
• yat: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकaliṅga (neuter), Prathamā/ Dvitīyā (nom/acc), Eka-vacana; correlating pronoun introducing reason/ground

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Niṣedha-avyaya (negation particle)

• hanti: kills
• hanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: han (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (present), Parasmaipada; Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Eka-vacana; kartā implied = sā (Sītā)

• daśagrīvam: Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa)
• daśagrīvam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśa + grīva (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā vibhakti (accusative, 2nd), Eka-vacana; karma of hanti; samāsa: daśa-grīvaḥ = 'ten-necked (Rāvaṇa)'

• sā: she
• sā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Eka-vacana; kartā of hanti

• mahātmā: great-souled (lady)
• mahātmā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā + ātman (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Eka-vacana; apposition to sā; samāsa: mahān ātmā yasya/mahān ātmā = great-souled

• kṛta-āgasam: guilty, having committed offence
• kṛta-āgasam: Karma-anuguṇa (कर्म-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta (कृ-धातु-क्त, कृदन्त) + āgas (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Eka-vacana; viśeṣaṇa of daśagrīvam; samāsa: kṛtam āgaḥ yena = one who has committed sin/offence

Context

"I created a little confidence in the fawneyed lady by pacifying her and explaining her with great difficulty the alliance of Rama and Sugriva on hearing which she became happy.

Characters & Entities

• Sita
• Ravana (Dashagriva)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is role-appropriate righteousness (maryādā): Sita does not take vengeance into her own hands, holding to her dharmic commitment and leaving Ravana’s punishment to the rightful agent (Rama).

What is the narrative situation?

Hanuman explains to Rama why Ravana, though guilty, was not destroyed by Sita’s spiritual power—her disciplined conduct and devotion restrain her.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sita’s steadfast fidelity and self-governed conduct (niyama), expressing inner strength through restraint.