Shloka 151

सुन्दरकाण्डे अष्टपञ्चाशः सर्गः

हनुमद्वृत्तान्तकथनम्, सीताभिज्ञान-प्रदानम्, लङ्कादाह-वर्णनम्

Devanagari script

राक्षसाः सिद्धसन्नाहास्ततस्ते चण्डविक्रमाः।तदाऽदह्यन्त मे पुच्छं निघ्नन्त: काष्ठमुष्टिभिः।।।।बद्धस्य बहुभिः पाशैर्यन्त्रितस्य च राक्षसैः।

Transliteration

rākṣasāḥ siddha-sannāhās tatas te caṇḍa-vikramāḥ |

tadā ’dahyanta me pucchaṃ nighnantaḥ kāṣṭha-muṣṭibhiḥ ||

baddhasya bahubhiḥ pāśair yantritasya ca rākṣasaiḥ ||

Translation

那些全副武装、勇猛凶狠的罗刹用木棍和拳头殴打我。他们用许多绳索将我捆绑并牢牢抓住，然后点燃了我的尾巴。

Word by Word

• rākṣasāḥ: demons (rakshasas)
• rākṣasāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/nominative), बहुवचन

• siddha-sannāhāḥ: fully prepared/ready-armed
• siddha-sannāhāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: siddha + sannāha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास: सिद्धः सन्नाहः येषां ते (those whose preparations are ready); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘राक्षसाः’ इति विशेषणम्

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb): अनन्तरार्थे (then)

• te: those (they)
• te: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• caṇḍa-vikramāḥ: of terrible prowess
• caṇḍa-vikramāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: caṇḍa + vikrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास: चण्डः विक्रमः येषां ते (of fierce valor); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘ते/राक्षसाः’ इति विशेषणम्

• tadā: then
• tadā: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (temporal adverb): तस्मिन् काले (then/at that time)

• adahyanta: (they) set on fire/burned
• adahyanta: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dah (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect/past), कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; ‘पुच्छम्’ इति कर्म

• me: my
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (genitive) एकवचन (my) / दत्तिवाचक-सम्बन्ध (possessor)

• puccham: tail
• puccham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puccha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• nighnantaḥ: striking/hitting
• nighnantaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: han (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ/न्त-प्रत्यय; present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘राक्षसाः’ इत्यस्य क्रियासहचरः (while striking)

• kāṣṭha-muṣṭibhiḥ: with sticks and fists
• kāṣṭha-muṣṭibhiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāṣṭha + muṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (copulative): काष्ठानि च मुष्टयश्च (sticks and fists); स्त्रीलिङ्ग (muṣṭi-प्रधान), तृतीया, बहुवचन

• baddhasya: of (me) being bound
• baddhasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: baddha (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; बद्ध)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) ‘bandh’ धातोः; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘mama’/‘me’ (Hanuman) इत्यस्य सम्बन्धे (of the bound one)

• bahubhiḥ: with many
• bahubhiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bahu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण; पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; ‘पाशैः’ इति विशेषणम्

• pāśaiḥ: with ropes/nooses
• pāśaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• yantritasya: of (me) being restrained
• yantritasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yantrita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) ‘yantr’ धातोः; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘baddhasya’ इत्यन्वयः (of the restrained one)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction): समुच्चय (and)

• rākṣasaiḥ: by the demons
• rākṣasaiḥ: Kartr̥ (कर्ता) / Agent in passive (कर्तृ-करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

Context

"Many ferociously courageous demons got ready. They bound me and hit me with fire-sticks and fists. They fastened my tail with ropes and set in on fire.

Characters & Entities

• Hanuman
• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is steadfastness under unjust violence: even when restrained and harmed, Hanuman endures without surrendering his mission or losing inner discipline.

What is the narrative situation?

After capturing Hanuman in Lanka, the rākṣasas bind him with ropes, beat him, and ignite his tail as punishment and spectacle.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kṣānti (forbearance) and dhairya (courage): Hanuman tolerates suffering while remaining focused on Rama’s purpose.