Shloka 31

षट्पञ्चाशः सर्गः — वैदेही-आश्वासनम् तथा अरिष्टारोहणम्

Consoling Sita and Ascending Mount Arishta

Devanagari script

किन्नरोरगन्धर्वयक्षविद्याधरास्तदा।।।।पीडितं तं नगवरं त्यक्त्वा गगनमास्थिता:।

Transliteration

kinnaroragandharvayakṣavidyādharās tadā | pīḍitaṃ taṃ nagavaraṃ tyaktvā gaganam āsthitāḥ ||

Translation

于是，紧那罗、那伽（乌罗伽）、乾闼婆、夜叉与持明者，舍离那受苦的群山之王，飞升于空。

Word by Word

• किन्नर-उरग-गन्धर्व-यक्ष-विद्याधराः: Kinnaras, serpents, Gandharvas, Yakṣas, and Vidyādharas
• किन्नर-उरग-गन्धर्व-यक्ष-विद्याधराः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किन्नर + उरग + गन्धर्व + यक्ष + विद्याधर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (copulative), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• तदा: then
• तदा: कालाधिकरण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: काल-अव्यय

• पीडितम्: crushed; tormented
• पीडितम्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पीड् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of नगवरम्

• तम्: that
• तम्: कर्म (Karma/Object; with नगवरम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• नगवरम्: the excellent mountain
• नगवरम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नग + वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (descriptive: वरः नगः), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• त्यक्त्वा: having left
• त्यक्त्वा: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त-अव्यय (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय; gerund/absolutive)

• गगनम्: sky
• गगनम्: कर्म (Karma/Object; goal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गगन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आस्थिताः: took refuge in; occupied
• आस्थिताः: क्रिया (verbal predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + स्था (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (past active participle in sense of 'having taken to'), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; predicate of the subject-group

Context

"You should act in such a manner that the exalted Rama, who is chivalrous in the battlefield, exhibits his valour worthy of his stature".

Characters & Entities

• Kinnaras
• Gandharvas
• Yakṣas
• Vidyādharas
• Mountain (nagavara)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as recognition of superior force aligned with a righteous mission: celestial beings withdraw rather than obstruct the divinely supported course of events.

What is the narrative situation?

As the mountain is oppressed by Hanumān’s power, its resident supernatural beings escape into the sky.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s unstoppable resolve (dṛḍha-saṅkalpa) in service of duty.