Shloka 37

द्विचत्वारिंशः सर्गः (Sarga 42): Omens in Laṅkā, Report to Rāvaṇa, and the Kinkara Assault

Devanagari script

तस्य सन्नादशब्देन तेऽभवन्भयशङ्किताः।ददृशुश्च हनूमन्तं सन्ध्यामेघमिवोन्नतम्।।5.42.37।।

Transliteration

tasya sannāda-śabdena te 'bhavan bhaya-śaṅkitāḥ |

dadṛśuś ca hanūmantaṃ sandhyā-megham ivonnatam ||5.42.37||

Translation

听到他轰然的咆哮，他们惶恐不安；又见哈奴曼巍然耸立，宛如黄昏时的云团高起。

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him/his
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)

• सन्नाद-शब्देन: by the roaring sound
• सन्नाद-शब्देन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sannāda (प्रातिपदिक) + śabda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘sannādasya śabdaḥ’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन)

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• अभवन्: became/were
• अभवन्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ (लङ्) imperfect/past, Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)

• भय-शङ्किताः: frightened
• भय-शङ्किताः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhaya (प्रातिपदिक) + śaṅkita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘bhayena śaṅkitāḥ’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); agrees with ते

• ददृशुः: they saw
• ददृशुः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्) perfect, Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• हनूमन्तम्: Hanuman
• हनूमन्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanūmant (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• सन्ध्या-मेघम्: a twilight cloud
• सन्ध्या-मेघम्: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sandhyā (प्रातिपदिक) + megha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘sandhyāyāḥ meghaḥ’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); upamāna with इव

• इव: like
• इव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/comparison)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Comparative particle (उपमावाचक अव्यय)

• उन्नतम्: towering/lofty
• उन्नतम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: unnata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with हनूमन्तम्

Context

Terrified on hearing the roar, the kinkaras looked at the towering Hanuman who seemed like a cloud in twilight (red in colour).

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma’s power can manifest as moral awe: when righteousness is forcefully asserted, adharma’s agents experience fear and hesitation.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān’s roar unnerves the guards, who then look up and see his immense, towering form.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Majesty of presence—courage that visibly destabilizes wrongdoing.