Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 40, Shloka 22

अभिज्ञानदानम् / The Gift of Recognition

Sita’s Token and Resolve

Devanagari script

हनुमन्सिंहसङ्काशौ भ्रातरौ रामलक्ष्मणौ।सुग्रीवं च सहामात्यं सर्वान् ब्रूयाह्यनामयम्।।5.40.22।।

Transliteration

hanuman siṃhasaṅkāśau bhrātarau rāmalakṣmaṇau |

sugrīvaṃ ca sahāmātyaṃ sarvān brūyā hyanāmayam ||5.40.22||

Translation

哈奴曼啊，请将我的安好转告那两位兄弟罗摩与罗什曼那，勇猛如狮；也转告苏格利婆及其群臣——一并告知众人。

Word by Word

• यथा: so that / as
• यथा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/उपायवाचक (adverb/conjunction: ‘in such a way that’)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• महाबाहुः: mighty-armed one
• महाबाहुः: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to सः/राघवः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + बाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि (महान्तौ बाहू यस्य)

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तारयति: will help cross / rescues
• तारयति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ (धातु) (णिच् causative)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; णिच् ‘causes to cross / rescues’

• राघवः: Raghava (Rama)
• राघवः: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अस्मात्: from this
• अस्मात्: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन

• दुःख-अम्बु-सम्रोधात्: from the ocean of sorrow
• दुःख-अम्बु-सम्रोधात्: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक) + अम्बु (प्रातिपदिक) + सम्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष: ‘दुःखरूपम् अम्बु यस्य सः सम्रोधः’ (ocean/flood of sorrow)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता) (of अर्हसि)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन

• समाधातुम्: to make arrangements / to strive
• समाधातुम्: Kriyārtha (क्रियार्थ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + आ + धा (धातु) + तुमुन् (कृदन्त)
• Form: तुमुनन्त (infinitive); ‘to arrange/bring about, to make efforts/settle (the means)’

• अर्हसि: you ought
• अर्हसि: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्ह् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

Context

"O Hanuman! to the lion-like brothers Rama and Lakshmana, to Sugriva including his ministers and to every one convey my good wishes.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Hanumān
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Sugrīva
• ministers (amātya)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Even in distress, dharma includes gratitude and benevolence—Sītā remembers allies and wishes them well, sustaining righteous bonds.

What is the narrative situation?

Before Hanumān departs, Sītā asks him to deliver her message of welfare to Rāma, Lakṣmaṇa, and their ally Sugrīva with his council.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s generosity of heart and gratitude; Hanumān’s reliability as a messenger.