Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 40, Shloka 2

अभिज्ञानदानम् / The Gift of Recognition

Sita’s Token and Resolve

Devanagari script

त्वां दृष्ट्वा प्रियवक्तारं सम्प्रहृष्यामि वानरः।अर्धसञ्जातसस्येव वृष्टिं प्राप्य वसुन्धरा।।5.40.2।।

Transliteration

tvāṃ dṛṣṭvā priyavaktāraṃ samprahṛṣyāmi vānaraḥ |

ardhasañjātasasyeva vṛṣṭiṃ prāpya vasundharā ||5.40.2||

Translation

婆那罗啊，见到你这位言语慈和者，我心欢喜；正如大地在半熟的庄稼得逢甘霖时欢欣。

Word by Word

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Ktva (क्त्वा) absolutive/gerund; अव्ययभाव

• प्रियवक्तारम्: pleasant speaker
• प्रियवक्तारम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: priya-vaktṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; apposition to त्वाम्; समास: प्रियं वक्ता (कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-प्रायः)

• सम्प्रहृष्यामि: I rejoice/am delighted
• सम्प्रहृष्यामि: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-pra-√hṛṣ (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ (लट्), Uttama-puruṣa (1st/उत्तम), Singular, Parasmaipada

• वानरः: O vanara
• वानरः: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; संबोधन-भावे (addressing Hanuman)

• अर्धसञ्जातसस्या: (as) land with half-grown crops
• अर्धसञ्जातसस्या: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ardha-sañjāta-sasya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; qualifier of वसुन्धरा; समास: अर्धं सञ्जातं सस्यं यस्याः (बहुव्रीहि-भाव)

• इव: like
• इव: Upamāna-marker (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमा-वाचक

• वृष्टिम्: rain
• वृष्टिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vṛṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; object of प्राप्य

• प्राप्य: having obtained
• प्राप्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: pra-√āp (धातु)
• Form: Ktva-lyap (ल्यप्) gerund; अव्ययभाव (having obtained)

• वसुन्धरा: the earth
• वसुन्धरा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vasundharā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; upamāna-subject in simile

Context

"I have already given the best identification. When you hand this jewel used on my hair to him, he will believe what you tell him".

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Hanumān

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is expressed as compassionate and truthful speech: Hanumān’s pleasing, reassuring words become a righteous support that renews hope in suffering.

What is the narrative situation?

In Aśoka-vana, Sītā responds to Hanumān’s reassuring message and feels renewed joy after recognizing him as a benevolent messenger.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s virtue of vāg-dharma—responsible, comforting, and truthful speech that uplifts the distressed.