Shloka 50

हनूमत्सीतासंवादः

Hanuman’s Offer of Rescue and Sita’s Dharmic Refusal

Devanagari script

युध्यमानस्य रक्षोभिस्तव तैः क्रूरकर्मभिः।प्रपतेयं हि ते पृष्ठाद्भयार्ता कपिसत्तम।।।।

Transliteration

yudhyamānasya rakṣobhis tava taiḥ krūrakarmabhiḥ | prapateyaṃ hi te pṛṣṭhād bhayārtā kapisattama ||

Translation

当你与那些行事残酷的罗刹交战时，猴中最胜者啊，我因恐惧所迫，或会从你背上滑落坠下。

Word by Word

• yudhyamānasya: of you (while) fighting
• yudhyamānasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yudh (धातु) + śāna/āna-pratyaya (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; वर्तमानकृदन्त (आत्मनेपद) ‘fighting’; तव इति विशेषणम्

• rakṣobhiḥ: by demons
• rakṣobhiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rakṣas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• tava: your/of you
• tava: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; षष्ठी, एकवचन

• taiḥ: by those
• taiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; तृतीया, बहुवचन

• krūrakarmabhiḥ: by the cruel-deeded
• krūrakarmabhiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: krūra (प्रातिपदिक) + karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘क्रूरं कर्म येषां ते’ = of cruel deeds; रक्षोभिः/तैः इति विशेषणम्

• prapateyam: I might fall down
• prapateyam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra + pat (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन

• hi: indeed/for
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात; कारण/निश्चयार्थ ‘indeed/for’

• te: your
• te: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; षष्ठी, एकवचन (पृष्ठात् इत्यस्य सम्बन्धः)

• pṛṣṭhāt: from (your) back
• pṛṣṭhāt: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pṛṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन

• bhayārtā: distressed with fear
• bhayārtā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhaya (प्रातिपदिक) + ārta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘भयेन आर्ता’ = distressed by fear; अहम् (स्त्री) इति विशेषणम्

• kapisattama: O best of monkeys
• kapisattama: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kapi (प्रातिपदिक) + sattama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘कपीनां सत्तमः’ = best of monkeys

Context

"O noble monkey! while you are engaged in fighting with those demons of wicked deeds, I may drop down out of fear.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Hanumān
• rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes acknowledging human limits: Sītā recognizes fear and physical risk, urging a course that does not gamble with an innocent life.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā imagines being carried on Hanumān’s back during battle and worries she may fall in panic.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Honesty about vulnerability—Sītā speaks truthfully about her fear rather than pretending strength.