Shloka 10

अङ्गदोपदेशः समुद्रदर्शन-विषादश्च

Angada’s Counsel and the Vanaras’ Despondency at the Ocean

Devanagari script

तान्विषादेन महता विषण्णान्वानरर्षभान्।उवाच मतिमान्काले वालिसूनुर्महाबलः।।।।

Transliteration

tān viṣādena mahatā viṣaṇṇān vānararṣabhān |

uvāca matimān kāle vālisūnur mahābalaḥ ||

Translation

于是，智者而大力的安伽陀——婆利之子——在适当之时，对那些如公牛般的猴族领袖、因巨大沮丧而黯然者说道。

Word by Word

• तान्: those
• तान्: Karma (कर्म; of ‘uvāca’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• विषादेन: with/by despondency
• विषादेन: Hetu/Instrument (हेतु/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विषाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• महता: great
• महता: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular); ‘विषादेन’ विशेषण

• विषण्णान्: dejected
• विषण्णान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विषण्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural); ‘तान्/वानरर्षभान्’ विशेषण

• वानरर्षभान्: leaders/bulls among monkeys
• वानरर्षभान्: Karma (कर्म; apposition to ‘तान्’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर + ऋषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘bulls among monkeys’

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्/परोक्षभूत (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• मतिमान्: wise
• मतिमान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मति + मत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); ‘वालिसूनुः’ विशेषण

• काले: at the proper time
• काले: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• वालिसूनुः: Vāli's son (Angada)
• वालिसूनुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वालि + सूनु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘son of Vāli’

• महाबलः: very strong
• महाबलः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा + बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मधारयः ‘great-strength’

Context

Angada,the strong and wise son of Vali, spoke thus to the tensed vanaras in the righttime:

Characters & Entities

• Aṅgada
• Vāli
• vānaras

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes leadership that intervenes at the right time—guiding others out of despair and back into duty.

What is the narrative situation?

Aṅgada notices the vānaras’ discouragement and begins to address them with timely, wise counsel.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudent leadership (kāla-jñāna): knowing when to speak and steady the group.