Shloka 20

अङ्गद

उपदेशः — Hanuman’s Counsel to Angada on Succession and Strategy

Devanagari script

न च जातु न हिंस्युस्त्वा घोरा लक्ष्मणसायकाः।अपावृत्तं जिघांसन्तो महावेगा दुरासदाः।।।।

Transliteration

na ca jātu na hiṁsyus tvā ghorā lakṣmaṇa-sāyakāḥ |

apāvṛttaṁ jighāṁsanto mahā-vegā durāsadāḥ ||

Translation

并非罗什曼那那可怖之箭——迅疾而难以抵挡——会饶过你；它们立意诛杀逃遁之敌，必定击中并令你受苦。

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• jātu: ever
• jātu: Kāla (काल/temporal adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: jātu (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time) — 'ever'

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)

• hiṃsyuḥ: would harm
• hiṃsyuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √hiṃs (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/Potential), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद

• tvā: you
• tvā: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular) — छान्दस/वैकल्पिक रूपम् for tvām

• ghorāḥ: terrible
• ghorāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• lakṣmaṇa-sāyakāḥ: Lakshmana's arrows
• lakṣmaṇa-sāyakāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + sāyaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• apāvṛttam: a fleeing (one)
• apāvṛttam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: apāvṛtta (कृदन्त, क्त from apa-ā√vṛt)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) — क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; 'one who has turned away/fled'

• jighāṃsantaḥ: wishing to kill
• jighāṃsantaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Agent; participial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √han (धातु)
• Form: सन्नन्त (desiderative) + शतृ (present participle); प्रथमा (Nom), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• mahāvegāḥ: very swift
• mahāvegāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + vega (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• durāsadāḥ: hard to assail
• durāsadāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dur (प्रातिपदिक) + āsada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

Context

'It is not that Lakshmana's dreadful arrows flying at great speed will not torture you. It will be difficult for you to avert them as they are eager to kill an escaping enemy.

Characters & Entities

• Lakshmana
• Angada

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is pragmatic righteousness: avoid needless bloodshed by choosing a lawful, peaceful course before violence becomes unavoidable.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanuman warns Angada about the danger of resisting or fleeing, implying that Lakṣmaṇa’s force would be decisive if conflict escalates.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanuman’s virtue of wise statecraft (nīti): he uses realistic consequences to steer Angada toward a dharmic resolution.