Shloka 1

विन्ध्यगुहाविचयः — Searching the Vindhya Caves and the Cursed Forest

Southern Search

Devanagari script

सह ताराङ्गदाभ्यां तु गत्वा स हनुमान्कपिः।सुग्रीवेण यथोद्दिष्टं तं देशमुपचक्रमे।।।।

Transliteration

saha tārāṅgadābhyāṃ tu gatvā sa hanumān kapiḥ | sugrīveṇa yathoddiṣṭaṃ taṃ deśam upacakrame || 4.48.1 ||

Translation

猿将哈奴曼与塔罗、安伽陀同行，依照苏格利婆所指示的那样，启程前往那片地域。

Word by Word

• सह: with
• सह: Sahārtha (सहार्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: सहार्थक अव्यय

• तारा-अङ्गदाभ्याम्: with Tara and Angada
• तारा-अङ्गदाभ्याम्: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तारा (प्रातिपदिक/नाम) + अङ्गद (प्रातिपदिक/नाम)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास; तृतीया, द्विवचन (Instrumental dual)

• तु: indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात

• गत्वा: having gone
• गत्वा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• हनूमान्: Hanuman
• हनूमान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनुमत् (प्रातिपदिक/नाम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कपिः: monkey
• कपिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अप्पोजिशन to हनूमान्

• सुग्रीवेण: by Sugriva
• सुग्रीवेण: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक/नाम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• यथोद्दिष्टम्: as instructed
• यथोद्दिष्टम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यथा + उद्दिष्ट (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम्—देशम्

• तम्: that
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• देशम्: region/place
• देशम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• उपचक्रमे: set out/began
• उपचक्रमे: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप + क्रम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपदी; अर्थः—set about/started

Context

Hanuman, the monkey accompanied by Tara and Angada proceeded as instructed by Sugriva in the (South) direction.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Tārā
• Aṅgada
• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is loyal execution of a legitimate command: Hanumān begins the mission in alignment with Sugrīva’s directive, reflecting disciplined service.

What is the narrative situation?

The southern search party—centered on Hanumān with Aṅgada and Tārā—departs to look for Sītā as ordered by Sugrīva.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Śraddhā and niṣṭhā (steadfast commitment): readiness to act and coordinate with companions under a shared purpose.