Shloka 1

पूर्वदिशि सीतामार्गण-नियोगः

Deployment to the Eastern Quarter for the Search of Sita

Devanagari script

अथ राजा समृद्धार्थस्सुग्रीवः प्लवगेश्वरः।उवाच नरशार्दूलं रामं परबलार्दनम्।।4.40.1।।

Transliteration

atha rājā samṛddhārthaḥ sugrīvaḥ plavageśvaraḥ | uvāca naraśārdūlaṃ rāmaṃ parabalārdanam || 4.40.1 ||

Translation

于是，猴王苏格利瓦，万那罗之主，既已具足谋略与资粮，便对罗摩——人中之虎、摧破敌军者——开口说道。

Word by Word

• अथ: then
• अथ: सम्बन्ध (Discourse connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: आरम्भ/अनन्तरार्थक अव्यय (then/now)

• राजा: the king
• राजा: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• समृद्धार्थः: prosperous, well-provided
• समृद्धार्थः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समृद्ध + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (समृद्धः अर्थः यस्य/समृद्धार्थः), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; राज्ञः विशेषणम्

• सुग्रीवः: Sugriva
• सुग्रीवः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; राज्ञः अप्पोजिशन

• प्लवगेश्वरः: lord of monkeys
• प्लवगेश्वरः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्लवग + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (प्लवगानाम् ईश्वरः), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• नरशार्दूलम्: tiger among men
• नरशार्दूलम्: कर्म (Karma/Object of speech)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर + शार्दूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (नराणां शार्दूलः), पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सम्बोधनार्थे कर्मरूपेण

• रामम्: Rama
• रामम्: कर्म (Karma/Object of speech)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• परबलार्दनम्: crusher of the enemy’s army
• परबलार्दनम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर + बल + अर्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (परस्य बलस्य अर्दनः), पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; रामस्य विशेषणम्

Context

Sugriva, lord of monkeys, who was supported by a massive army informed Rama, the tiger among men and a crusher of the enemy army;

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Fidelity to alliance and duty: Sugrīva, having gained stability, turns to fulfill his pledged support to Rāma.

What is the narrative situation?

In later Kishkindhā events, Sugrīva addresses Rāma after preparations are in place, advancing their joint mission.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sugrīva’s leadership and accountability—organizing resources and communicating directly with Rāma.