Shloka 6

हनूमद्

दूत्यम् / Hanuman’s Mediation and Lakshmana’s Appeal to Sugriva

Devanagari script

राजा दशरथो नाम द्युतिमान्धर्मवत्सलः।चातुर्वर्ण्यं स्वधर्मेण नित्यमेवाभ्यपालयत्4.4.6।।

Transliteration

rājā daśaratho nāma dyutimān dharmavatsalaḥ | cāturvarṇyaṃ svadharmeṇa nityam evābhyapālayat ||

Translation

有一位名为达沙罗陀的国王，光辉灿然、敬爱达摩；他恒常以君王之本分守护四姓各安其法。

Word by Word

• rājā: king
• rājā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा 1), Singular (एकवचन)

• daśarathaḥ: Dasaratha
• daśarathaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśaratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा 1), Singular (एकवचन)

• nāma: by name
• nāma: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nāma (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (particle): ‘by name/indeed’

• dyutimān: brilliant
• dyutimān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dyutimat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा 1), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies ‘daśarathaḥ’

• dharmavatsalaḥ: fond of dharma
• dharmavatsalaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक) + vatsala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा 1), Singular (एकवचन)

• cāturvarṇyam: the four social orders
• cāturvarṇyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cāturvarṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया 2), Singular (एकवचन)

• sva-dharmeṇa: by his own duty/law
• sva-dharmeṇa: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक) + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; Masculine, Instrumental (तृतीया 3), Singular (एकवचन)

• nityam: always
• nityam: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (adverbial accusative): ‘always’

• eva: indeed
• eva: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (emphatic particle): ‘indeed/just’

• abhyapālayat: protected/ruled
• abhyapālayat: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√pāl (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rājadharma: a ruler’s duty is to protect social order through consistent adherence to lawful responsibility, not personal whim.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa begins with Rāma’s lineage, describing Daśaratha’s righteous kingship to establish credibility and virtue.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Daśaratha’s dharma-centered governance and steady protection of society.