Ramayana — Kishkindha Kanda, Sarga 39, Shloka 9

वानरसेनामिलनम् / The Mustering of the Vanara Hosts

Devanagari script

दिशः पर्याकुलाश्चासन्रजसा तेन मूर्छता।चचाल च मही सर्वा सशैलवनकानना।।4.39.9।।

Transliteration

diśaḥ paryākulāś cāsan rajasā tena mūrchatā | cacāla ca mahī sarvā saśaila-vanakānanā || 4.39.9 ||

Translation

尘埃愈加浓密弥散，四方方位皆为之紊乱而难辨；大地也随之震颤——连同群山、森林与林苑一并摇动。

Word by Word

• diśaḥ: directions; quarters
• diśaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) / Subject
• Type: Noun
• Root: diś (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• paryākulāḥ: confused; agitated
• paryākulāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) to Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: paryākula (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); agrees with diśaḥ

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

• āsan: were
• āsan: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √as (धातु) (अस्)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)

• rajasā: by dust
• rajasā: Karaṇa (करण) / Instrument
• Type: Noun
• Root: rajas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• tena: by that
• tena: Karaṇa (करण) / Instrument (co-instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); refers to the dust-event

• mūrchatā: by its thickening/spreading
• mūrchatā: Karaṇa (करण) / Instrument (manner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mūrchā (प्रातिपदिक) / mūrch (धातु) from which noun; here abstract noun
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); 'by the spreading/thickening (of dust)'

• cacāla: shook; trembled
• cacāla: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √cal (धातु) (चल्)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

• mahī: earth
• mahī: Karta (कर्ता) / Subject
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• sarvā: entire; all
• sarvā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) to Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with mahī

• saśaila-vanakānanā: with its mountains and forests
• saśaila-vanakānanā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) to Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (उपसर्ग/सह-अर्थक) + śaila (प्रातिपदिक) + vana (प्रातिपदिक) + kānana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); bahir-artha: 'together with mountains and forests/groves'; agrees with mahī

Context

By the spreading of dust, the quarters were not visible.The earth including the mountains gardens and forests was shaken up.

Characters & Entities

• Earth (Mahī)
• Mountains (Śaila)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is conveyed through consequence: when society unites for a just end, its force becomes world-shaking—suggesting that righteous solidarity can overcome adharma.

What is the narrative situation?

The vānaras’ vast host advances so powerfully that dust blots visibility and the ground seems to quake.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Strength guided by purpose—power is not random violence but mobilized toward restoring justice.