Shloka 56

शरत्प्रवेशे रामविलापः तथा सुग्रीवप्रमादे लक्ष्मणप्रेषणम्

Autumn’s Onset: Rama’s Lament and Lakshmana Sent to Sugriva

Devanagari script

प्रफुल्लबाणासनचित्रितेषुप्रहृष्टषट्पादनिकूजितेषु।गृहीतचापोद्यतचण्डदण्डःप्रचण्डचारोऽद्य वनेषु कामः।।

Transliteration

praphulla-bāṇāsana-citriteṣu prahṛṣṭa-ṣaṭpāda-nikūjiteṣu | gṛhīta-cāpodgata-caṇḍa-daṇḍaḥ pracaṇḍa-cāro ’dya vaneṣu kāmaḥ ||

Translation

如今，在点缀着盛开的婆那花与阿娑那花、回响着蜜蜂欢悦嗡鸣的林野中，爱神迦摩凶猛游行——手执弓，举起严厉之杖——惩罚那些与所爱分离的人。

Word by Word

• प्रफुल्ल-बाण-आसन-चित्रितेषु: in (groves) variegated with blooming bāṇa and āsana flowers
• प्रफुल्ल-बाण-आसन-चित्रितेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रफुल्ल (कृदन्त) + बाण (प्रातिपदिक) + आसन (प्रातिपदिक) + चित्रित (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः—‘प्रफुल्लैः बाणासनैः चित्रितेषु’ (in places painted/variegated with blooming flowers)

• प्रहृष्ट-षट्-पाद-निकूजितेषु: in (places) humming with delighted bees
• प्रहृष्ट-षट्-पाद-निकूजितेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रहृष्ट (कृदन्त) + षट् (संख्या) + पाद (प्रातिपदिक) + निकूजित (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः—‘प्रहृष्टैः षट्पादैः निकूजितेषु’

• गृहीत-चाप-उद्यत-चण्ड-दण्डः: with bow in hand and fierce staff raised
• गृहीत-चाप-उद्यत-चण्ड-दण्डः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गृहीत (कृदन्त) + चाप (प्रातिपदिक) + उद्यत (कृदन्त) + चण्ड (प्रातिपदिक) + दण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—‘गृहीतचापः उद्यतचण्डदण्डः यस्य’ (one who has taken up a bow and raised a fierce staff)

• प्रचण्ड-चारः: moving fiercely
• प्रचण्ड-चारः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रचण्ड (प्रातिपदिक) + चार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (प्रचण्डः चासौ चारः)

• अद्य: now
• अद्य: Kala (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय

• वनेषु: in the forests
• वनेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन

• कामः: Kāma (Cupid)
• कामः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

Context

'Now Cupid is moving unobstructed showing his power by holding his bow indicating strict punishment to those separated from their beloveds in the forests with bana and asana flowers in bloom and bees humming happily.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana
• Kāma (Cupid)
• bāṇa (plant/flower)
• āsana (tree/flower)
• ṣaṭpāda (bees)
• forest

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes self-restraint: when desire intensifies (symbolized by Kāma), the righteous person must remain governed by truth and duty, not by impulse.

What is the narrative situation?

As autumn begins and nature becomes alluring, Rama reflects on how such beauty aggravates the pain of separation.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s steadfastness in dharma despite emotional pressure—he acknowledges desire’s force without surrendering to it.