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Shloka 12

शरत्प्रवेशे रामविलापः तथा सुग्रीवप्रमादे लक्ष्मणप्रेषणम्

Autumn’s Onset: Rama’s Lament and Lakshmana Sent to Sugriva

अपि तां मद्वियोगाच्छ सौकुमार्याच्च भामिनीम्।सुदूरं पीडयेत्कामश्शरद्गुणनिरन्तरः।।

api tāṃ madviyogāc ca saukumāryāc ca bhāminīm |

sudūraṃ pīḍayet kāmaḥ śaradguṇanirantaraḥ ||4.30.12||

那位可爱的女子,因与我离别又如此娇柔,想必正受深重折磨;即便秋日的无尽清美不断撩动情思,也只会在遥远之处更添她的痛楚。

apiperhaps/even
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (सम्भावना/अपि = even/also)
tāmher
tām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
mad-viyogātfrom separation from me
mad-viyogāt:
Hetu (हेतु; cause)
TypeNoun
Rootmad + viyoga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Pañcamī (Ablative/5th), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: mad (from me) + viyoga (separation)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction particle
saukumāryātfrom delicacy/tenderness
saukumāryāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootsaukumārya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Pañcamī (Ablative/5th), Ekavacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction particle
bhāminīmthe lovely/angry-eyed lady
bhāminīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhāminī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; epithet in apposition to tām
sudūramgreatly/very much
sudūram:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsudūra (प्रातिपदik)
FormAdverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण द्वितीया)
pīḍayetmight torment
pīḍayet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√pīḍ (धातु)
FormLiṅ-lakāra (Optative/विधिलिङ्), Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana
kāmaḥKāma/Cupid
kāmaḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
śaradguṇa-nirantaraḥfilled continuously with autumn’s charms
śaradguṇa-nirantaraḥ:
Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśarad + guṇa + nirantara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: ‘continuous (nirantara) with autumnal qualities (śarad-guṇa)’; qualifies kāmaḥ

'I think even the charm of autumn must be always tormenting that lovely lady, as she is very far from me. She is too delicate to suffer the agony of separation.'

S
Sītā (bhāminī)
K
Kāma (Cupid / desire personified)
A
autumn (śarad)

FAQs

Empathy as dharma: Rāma measures suffering not by his own loneliness alone but by Sītā’s vulnerability, modeling righteous concern for another’s hardship.

Rāma imagines Sītā’s condition in captivity and separation, fearing seasonal beauty may intensify longing and distress.

Dayā (compassion) coupled with responsibility—his sorrow is tied to protective duty.