Shloka 9

हनूमता सुग्रीवस्य कालधर्मोपदेशः

Hanuman’s Counsel on Timely Ally-Duty

Devanagari script

राज्यं प्राप्तं यशश्चैव कौली श्रीरभिवर्धिता।मित्राणां सङ्ग्रहश्शेषस्तं भवान्कर्तुमर्हति।।

Transliteration

rājyaṃ prāptaṃ yaśaś caiva kaulī śrīr abhivardhitā |

mitrāṇāṃ saṅgrahaś śeṣas taṃ bhavān kartum arhati || 4.29.9 ||

Translation

“你已得国土，亦获声名，你族之福泽与荣华更为增长。如今所余者，唯在团结并巩固诸盟友之心——此事正当由你去成就。”

Word by Word

• राज्यम्: kingdom
• राज्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• प्राप्तम्: attained
• प्राप्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘राज्यम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• यशः: fame
• यशः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• कौली: of the family/lineage
• कौली: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कौलि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘श्रीः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (family/lineage-related)

• श्रीः: prosperity
• श्रीः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अभिवर्धिता: increased
• अभिवर्धिता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-वृध् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘श्रीः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• मित्राणाम्: of friends
• मित्राणाम्: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन (Plural)

• सङ्ग्रहः: winning over / securing (goodwill)
• सङ्ग्रहः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सङ्ग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• शेषः: remaining
• शेषः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘सङ्ग्रहः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• तम्: that (task)
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘सङ्ग्रहं’ (अर्थतः) निर्देशयति

• भवान्: you (sir)
• भवान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (honorific 2nd person reference)

• कर्तुम्: to do
• कर्तुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/infinitival complement)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + तुमुन् (कृदन्त)
• Form: तुमुनन्त (Infinitive), ‘अर्हति’ इत्यस्य पूरकः

• अर्हति: is proper / ought
• अर्हति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्ह् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

'You have attained the kingdom. You have earned fame. The prosperity of your family has gone up. All that remains is to earn the goodwill of friends. Attend to that now.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Mitradharma and rājadharma: a king must not only enjoy success but also honor alliances by sustaining friends’ trust and fulfilling obligations—prosperity is incomplete without loyalty.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān begins his direct counsel: Sugrīva has achieved kingship (with Rāma’s help) but has delayed reciprocating by aiding Rāma; Hanumān urges him to complete what remains—supporting allies.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s frank responsibility and fidelity to the alliance: he reminds Sugrīva of duties owed to friends, not merely personal enjoyment.