Shloka 48

वालिनः और्ध्वदैहिकम्

Vali’s Funeral Rites and the Consolation of the Bereaved

Devanagari script

सुग्रीवेण ततस्सार्धंमङ्गदः पितरं रुदन्।चितामारोपयामास शोकेनाभिहतेन्द्रियः4.25.48।।

Transliteration

sugrīveṇa tataḥ sārdhaṁ aṅgadaḥ pitaraṁ rudan |

čitām āropayāmāsa śokenābhihatendriyaḥ || 4.25.48 ||

Translation

随后，安伽陀（Aṅgada）哭泣着，与苏格利婆（Sugrīva）一同将父亲安置于火葬柴堆之上；他诸根为悲恸所击，几近麻木。

Word by Word

• sugrīveṇa: with Sugrīva
• sugrīveṇa: Sahakāraka (सह/सहयोग; तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (अनन्तरवाचक-अव्यय)

• sārdham: together with
• sārdham: Sahārtha (सहार्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sārdham (अव्यय)
• Form: Prepositional adverb meaning 'together with' (सह-अर्थक-अव्यय)

• aṅgadaḥ: Aṅgada
• aṅgadaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aṅgada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• pitaram: father
• pitaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• rudan: crying
• rudan: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rudat (कृदन्त; √rud धातु)
• Form: Present participle (शतृ); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) agreeing with 'aṅgadaḥ'

• citām: funeral pyre
• citām: Karma (कर्म; गत्यर्थे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: citā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• āropayāmāsa: placed (upon), set up
• āropayāmāsa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ruh (धातु; causative with ā- prefix)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद); Causative (णिच्): 'caused to mount/placed'

• śokena: by/with grief
• śokena: Hetu/Karaṇa (हेतु/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• abhihata-indriyaḥ: whose senses were numbed
• abhihata-indriyaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: abhihata-indriya (समास; कृदन्त + प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound: abhihata (struck, numbed; PPP from √han with abhi-) + indriya (senses); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) qualifying 'aṅgadaḥ'

Context

Then Angada, helped by Sugriva, placed his father's body on the pyre, with his senses numbed in deep sorrow.

Characters & Entities

• Aṅgada
• Sugrīva
• Vāli (as father)
• citā (funeral pyre)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The dharma of antyeṣṭi (last rites): despite personal grief, the son fulfills the duty owed to the departed parent.

What is the narrative situation?

Aṅgada and Sugrīva prepare Vāli’s cremation by placing him on the pyre.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Filial responsibility and endurance—continuing righteous duty even when emotionally overwhelmed.