Shloka 28

ताराविलापः

Tārā’s Lament over Vāli

Devanagari script

या दत्ता देवराजेन तव तुष्टेन संयुगे।शातकुम्भमयीं मालां तां ते पश्यामि नेह किम्।।

Transliteration

yā dattā devarājena tava tuṣṭena saṃyuge | śātakumbhamayīṃ mālāṃ tāṃ te paśyāmi neha kim ||

Translation

为何我在你身上看不见那条金色花鬘——天帝因你在战场上令其欢喜而赐予你的？

Word by Word

• yā: which
• yā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक: यद्)
• Form: Relative pronoun, Feminine, Nominative (1st), Singular; refers to 'mālā'

• dattā: given
• dattā: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dā (धातु: दा) (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Feminine, Nominative, Singular; agrees with 'mālā'

• deva-rājena: by the king of gods (Indra)
• deva-rājena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + rāja (प्रातिपदिक: राजन्)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी) 'king of gods'; Masculine, Instrumental (3rd), Singular

• tava: of you/for you
• tava: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक: युष्मद्)
• Form: Pronoun, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• tuṣṭena: being pleased
• tuṣṭena: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tuṣ (धातु: तुष्) (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past participle (क्त) 'pleased'; Masculine, Instrumental, Singular; qualifies implied 'devarājena' or indicates state

• saṃyuge: in battle
• saṃyuge: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃyuga (प्रातिपदिक: संयुग)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th), Singular

• śātakumbha-mayīm: golden
• śātakumbha-mayīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śātakumbha (प्रातिपदिक: शातकुम्भ) + maya (प्रातिपदिक: मय)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (मयट्/मय) 'made of gold'; Feminine, Accusative (2nd), Singular; qualifies 'mālām'

• mālām: garland/necklace
• mālām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mālā (प्रातिपदिक: माला)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd), Singular

• tām: that
• tām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक: तद्)
• Form: Demonstrative pronoun, Feminine, Accusative, Singular; refers to 'mālām'

• te: your/of you
• te: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक: युष्मद्)
• Form: Pronoun, Genitive (6th) or Dative (4th) Singular; here Genitive 'of you' (your)

• paśyāmi: I see
• paśyāmi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु: दृश्/पश्य)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (present), Uttama-puruṣa (1st), Singular, Parasmaipada

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle

• iha: here
• iha: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb of place (देश-अव्यय)

• kim: why/what
• kim: Prashna (प्रश्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक: किम्)
• Form: Interrogative particle used as avyaya (प्रश्न-अव्यय)

Context

'Why do I not see on your chest the golden necklace gifted by the king of the gods (Indra), pleased with you in the battle?

Characters & Entities

• Tārā
• Vāli
• Indra (Devarāja)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Worldly honors and divine gifts cannot prevent mortality; dharma encourages detachment and right action rather than reliance on power or ornaments.

What is the narrative situation?

Tārā notices the absence of Vāli’s famed golden garland (associated with Indra’s favor) and laments the collapse of former glory.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Clear-eyed realism—Tārā confronts impermanence and the limits of prestige.