Shloka 5

ताराविलापः

Tara’s Lament over Vāli

Devanagari script

उत्तिष्ठ हरिशार्दूल भजस्व शयनोत्तमम्।नैवंविधाश्शेरते हि भूमौ नृपतिसत्तमाः4.20.5।।

Transliteration

uttiṣṭha hariśārdūla bhajasva śayanottamam | naivaṁvidhāḥ śerate hi bhūmau nṛpatisattamāḥ || 4.20.5 ||

Translation

起来吧，猴中之虎；请安卧于最上等的卧榻。像你这样的至上君王，岂可躺在裸露的大地之上。

Word by Word

• अतीव: exceedingly
• अतीव: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अतीव (अव्यय)
• Form: परिमाण/तीव्रता-अव्यय (adverb: exceedingly)

• खलु: indeed
• खलु: Vākyārtha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थ-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: खलु (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय-अव्यय (particle: indeed)

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (genitive), एकवचन; 'of you/your'

• कान्ता: beloved (woman)
• कान्ता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कान्ता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• वसुधा: the earth
• वसुधा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसुधा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृ-समनाधिकरण (apposition to कान्ता)

• वसुधाधिप: O lord of the earth
• वसुधाधिप: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसुधा-अधिप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन, एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग; समास: वसुधायाः अधिपः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• गतासुः: dead
• गतासुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गत-आसु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि: गताः आसवः यस्य सः (one whose life-breaths have gone)

• अपि: even
• अपि: Vākyārtha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थ-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपवाद-अव्यय (particle: even/also)

• याम्: whom/which
• याम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धे (refers to वसुधा)

• गात्रैः: with (your) limbs
• गात्रैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन

• विहाय: having abandoned
• विहाय: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-हा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), उपसर्ग: वि, धातु: हा

• निषेवसे: you lie with/enjoy
• निषेवसे: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-सेव् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; उपसर्ग: नि

Context

'O tiger among monkeys! get up. Come and sleep on the best of beds. Best of kings, you should not lie on the ground.

Characters & Entities

• Tārā
• Vāli

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It reflects the dharmic ideal of honoring a ruler’s dignity (rājadharma) even in downfall—yet it also shows how grief clings to social roles when life has already departed.

What is the narrative situation?

In denial and sorrow, Tārā urges the fallen king Vāli to rise and rest properly, as if he were merely exhausted.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Respect and reverence toward rightful status—Tārā continues to honor Vāli as king.