Shloka 22

द्वादशः सर्गः — Rama’s Proof of Power, the First Duel, and the Identification Mark

Kishkindha Kanda, Sarga 12

Devanagari script

क्लान्तो रुधिरसिक्ताङ्गः प्रहारैर्जर्झरीकृतः।वालिनाऽभिद्रुतः क्रोधात्प्रविवेश महावनम्4.12.22।।

Transliteration

klānto rudhira-siktāṅgaḥ prahārair jarjharīkṛtaḥ | vālinābhidrutaḥ krodhāt praviveśa mahāvanam || 4.12.22 ||

Translation

他疲惫不堪，肢体尽染鲜血，被重击摧伤；须格利婆在婆梨怒追之下，进入那广大林苑——圣者摩檀伽所尊崇之地。

Word by Word

• क्लान्तः: exhausted
• क्लान्तः: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्लान्त (कृदन्त; √क्लम् धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त) = past participle; exhausted (qualifying the subject)

• रुधिर-सिक्त-अङ्गः: whose body was drenched in blood
• रुधिर-सिक्त-अङ्गः: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रुधिर (प्रातिपदिक) + सिक्त (कृदन्त; √सिच् धातु) + अङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि समास: ‘रुधिरेण सिक्तानि अङ्गानि यस्य सः’ (whose limbs are drenched with blood)

• प्रहारैः: with blows
• प्रहारैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रहार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; Instrumental = by/with blows

• जर्झरीकृतः: mauled, battered
• जर्झरीकृतः: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जर्झरीकृत (कृदन्त; √कृ धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त) = ‘made shattered/mauled’

• वालिना: by Vali
• वालिना: Kartr̥ (कर्ता/Agent in passive construction)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वालिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; Instrumental/Agent in passive sense = by Vāli

• अभिद्रुतः: chased
• अभिद्रुतः: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभिद्रुत (कृदन्त; √द्रु धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त) = ‘run after/chased’

• क्रोधात्: from anger, out of anger
• क्रोधात्: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; Ablative = from/owing to anger

• प्रविवेश: entered
• प्रविवेश: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + √विश् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘entered’

• महा-वनम्: the great forest/grove
• महा-वनम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘महच्च तत् वनम्’

Context

Exhausted, disfigured and body mauled and drenched in blood all over, Sugriva, chased by the infuriated Vali, entered the region of great sage Matanga.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Vāli
• Mahāvana (great grove)
• Matanga (implied by context)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Sacred spaces function as moral boundaries: dharma recognizes places of refuge where violence must halt, restraining rage and pursuit.

What is the narrative situation?

Wounded and pursued, Sugrīva crosses into the great grove associated with the sage Matanga.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Endurance under suffering and the wisdom to seek a protected boundary.