Shloka 98

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

पश्य शीतजलां चेमां सौमित्रे पुष्करायुताम्।चक्रवाकानुचरितां कारण्डव निषेविताम्।।।।

Transliteration

paśya śītajalāṃ cemāṃ saumitre puṣkarāyutām | cakravākānucaritāṃ kāraṇḍavaniṣevitām ||

Translation

苏密特利啊，请看这湖水清凉，莲华满布；其间有鸳鸯（cakravāka）徜徉，亦有迦兰陀婆鸭（kāraṇḍava）群集。

Word by Word

• पश्य: see
• पश्य: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• शीत-जलाम्: having cool water
• शीत-जलाम्: Karma (कर्म; qualifier of इमाम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शीत (प्रातिपदिक) + जल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष in sense ‘having cool water’

• च: and
• च: N/A (Avyaya)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; conjunction

• इमाम्: this (river/lake)
• इमाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of पश्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; demonstrative

• सौमित्रे: O Saumitri
• सौमित्रे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सौमित्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• पुष्कर-आयुताम्: filled with lotuses
• पुष्कर-आयुताम्: Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुष्कर (प्रातिपदिक) + आयुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (पुष्करैः आयुता = filled/connected with lotuses)

• चक्रवाक-अनुचरिताम्: frequented by chakravaka birds
• चक्रवाक-अनुचरिताम्: Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चक्रवाक (प्रातिपदिक) + अनुचरित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP) from अनु√चर; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (चक्रवाकैः अनुचरिता = frequented by chakravakas)

• कारण्डव-निषेविताम्: resorted to by karandava ducks
• कारण्डव-निषेविताम्: Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कारण्डव (प्रातिपदिक) + नि-सेव् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP) from नि√सेव; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (कारण्डवैः निषेविता = resorted to by ducks)

Context

'O Saumitri! look at this lake of cool water filled with, lotuses, chakravakas flying about and ducks floating.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa (Saumitri)
• puṣkara (lotus)
• cakravāka birds

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is expressed as steadiness and mindful perception: even amid hardship, Rāma remains attentive, composed, and able to speak gently and clearly to Lakṣmaṇa.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa are moving through the Kishkindhā region; Rāma points out the beauty of the waters near Pampā as they proceed in their search.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s self-control (saṃyama) and refined sensitivity—he observes beauty without abandoning his duty.